语法专题六并列句及状语从句.docx

专题六　并列句和状语从句 ◆并列句的考查要点 1．并列句的基本概念 并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。 2．常见的并列连词 (1)表示递进或顺承关系：常用的并列连词有and，not only...but (also)．..等。 He had plenty of money and he spent it freely. Not only did he speak more correctly，but also he spoke more easily. (2)表示选择关系：常用的并列连词有or，either...or...等。 Either you are right，or I am. (3)表示转折关系：常用的并列连词有but，yet，whereas等。 Jane said she was ill，yet I saw her in the street just now. Some of the studies show positive results，whereas others do not. (4)表示因果关系：常用的并列连词有so，for等。 It must have rained last night，for it is wet all over. The shops were closed，so I didn’t get any milk. (5)when还可用作并列连词，意为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：①sb.was doing sth.when...；②sb.was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when...；③sb.had just done sth.when...。 We were having a meeting when someone broke in. We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain. (6)while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。 He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music. 题组训练1 语法填空 1．—I wonder how much you charge for your services. —The first two are free while the third costs 30. 2．Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird. 3．Don’t drive so fast，or you’ll have an accident. 4．She is seriously ill，but/yet she doesn’t give up hope. 5．He is a good teacher，so/and he is very popular with students. ◆时间状语从句的考查要点 1．before引导的从句中不用否定式谓语。常用如下句型： It will be long before...(得过好久才……) It will not be long before...(过不了多久就……) It was long before... (过了好久才……) It was not long before... (过了不久就……) 2．since后面所用动词不同，该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同。 eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(since＋瞬间动词过去式?从该动作发生时算起?,since＋持续性动词过去式?从动作结束时算起?)) It is two years since he joined the army.他参军两年了。 It is two years since he smoked.他戒烟两年了。 3．as，when，while用法一览表。 类别作用例句asas表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。She came up as I was cooking.(同时) The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从