Nursing intervention to alleviate pain caused by intravenous potassium Research Progress.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 18 Nursing intervention to alleviate pain caused by intravenous potassium Research Progress With the changes in the medical model, patients on medical care and increasing demands for service quality, while reducing pain intravenous infusion are increasingly high requirements. At present clinical patients with intravenous infusion of potassium chloride solution to correct the water, electrolyte imbalances are very common, but it could easily cause a potassium intravenous infusion of local pain or Fangshe Tong, which has brought great pain to the patient, but also a direct impact on the liquid enter the result. How to solve this issue has been the problem plagued the nursing profession. To reduce pain in patients with transfusion when it is the responsibility of nurses, but also the rights of patients. Now has to understand the occurrence of intravenous potassium-induced pain mechanisms, relevant factors and to take care interventions, as summarized below. An intravenous potassium-induced pain causes and related factors 1.1 potassium chloride potassium chloride solution causes the pain caused by drug agents are hypertonic, pH value between 5.0 to 7.0, while potassium-induced pain in itself is also a factor, enter the Organization, acting on the nerve endings, receptors, so that it depolarization, causing pain. Potassium ions can also directly stimulate the blood vessel wall, and through the walls of blood vessels on the skin and the epidermis caused by sympathetic EMG outbreak waves, increased ability to trigger the release of a single-wave caused by stimulation of free nerve endings, pain and Fangshe Tong [1]. In addition, the potassium ion can still cause the body neurotransmitters such as epinephrine, 5 - hydroxytryptamine substances such as different levels of elevated [2], induced pain reflex. 1.2 potassium chloride solution-induced pain-related factors 1.2.1 Anatomy of physiological factors plant physiology that the nervous