Unit2WhatishappinesstoyouGrammarandusage课件1（译林版选修6）.ppt

Unit 2 What is happiness to you?;What is happiness to you? Grammar and Usage;1．不定式作状语 ① 不定式作状语常用来表目的、结果或原因等。 例如： We eat to live, but we dont live to eat. (目的) What has he said to make you so happy? (结果) She burst into tears to hear the bad news. (原因) ;注：表目的的不定式还常与so as或in order连用，构成so as (not) to do和in order (not) to do 结构，其中so as (not) to do 不能用于句首。 例如： To get there in time, we got up very early. = In order to get there in time, we got up very early. = We got up very early (in order/so as) to get there in time. ;② 不定式可用于作表语或补语的形容词之后作状语。 例如： Be careful not to catch cold . The man is easy to get along with. ③ 不定式常与too或enough连用，在句中作状语。 例如： The boy is too young to go to school/ to be sent to school. = The boy is not old enough to go to school/ to be sent to school. ;④ 不定式有时用于so...as to do sth.结构中作状语。 例如： Will you be so kind as to help me with the work? ⑤ 有时，不定式还可修饰一个句子，表明说话人的态度。常见的这类不定式有to tell you the truth, to be honest, to be franc, to be fair, 等。 例如： To tell you the truth, I dont like the film. ;2．-ing分词和-ed分词作状语 ① -ing分词和-ed分词作状语修饰谓语，多说明动作发生的背景、方式或伴随情况。如果在逻辑 上句中的主语与分词有主谓关系，用-ing分词，有动宾关系则用-ed分词。 例如： We enjoyed ourselves in the park, singing and dancing. Built in 1900, the house is now 100 years old. ;② -ing分词和-ed分词都可作原因或时间状语, 其作用相当于一个相应的状语从句。如果在逻辑 上句中的主语与分词有主谓关系用-ing分词，有动宾关系则用-ed分词。 例如: ; Being so poor in those days, they couldnt send the boy to school.(原因) Born in a poor family, the boy could not go to school. (原因) Hearing the bad news, she burst into tears. (时间) Seen from the hill, the park looks more beautiful. (时间) ;③ -ing分词有时可作结果状语。 例如： Her husband died in the war, leaving her a widow with three children. We got up very early, arriving at the hospital ahead of time. ④ -ed分词有时用作条件状语，其作用相当于一个条件状语从句。 例如： Given more time, we could have done it much better.