14.动脉.ppt

January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 4、腘动脉 腘动脉在腘窝深部下行，至腘肌下缘，分为胫前动脉和胫后动脉。腘动脉在腘窝发出关节支和肌支至膝关节及邻近肌。 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 5、胫后动脉 胫后动脉沿小腿后面浅、深屈肌之间下行，经内踝后方转到足底，分为足底内侧动脉和足底外侧动脉两终支。 主要分支（供应：小腿后群、外侧群肌肉及足底）： 腓动脉 足底内侧动脉 足底外侧动脉 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 胫后动脉及分支 腓动脉：起于胫后动脉上部，沿腓骨内侧下行，分支营养邻近诸肌和胫、腓骨。 足底内侧动脉和足底外侧动脉：前者分布于足底内侧；后者分布于足底外侧及足趾。 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 6、胫前动脉 胫前动脉由腘动脉发出后，穿小腿骨间膜至小腿前面，在小腿前群肌之间下行，至踝关节前方移行为足背动脉。 胫前动脉，沿途分支营养小腿前群肌，并分支参与形成膝关节网。 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 胫前动脉及分支 胫前动脉由腘动脉发出后,穿小腿骨间膜至小腿前面,在小腿前群肌之间下行,至踝关节前方移行为足背动脉。 胫前动脉沿途分支营养小腿前群肌，并分支参与形成膝关节网。 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 7、足背动脉 足底深支穿第1跖骨间隙至足底，与足底外侧动脉末端吻合成足底深弓。 走行： 是胫前动脉的直接延续，经母长伸肌腱和趾长伸肌腱之间前行，发出第1跖背动脉和足底深支两终止。 分支： （1）足底深支 （2）第1跖背动脉 （3）弓状动脉 第1跖背动脉沿第1跖骨间隙前行，分支至母指背面侧缘及第2趾背内侧缘。 弓状动脉沿跖骨底呈弓形向外行，发出3支跖背动脉，后者又各分出2支趾背动脉，分布于2-5趾。 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 在颈部无分支,自颈总动脉发出后，垂直上行至颅底，经颈动脉管入颅腔，分支分布于视器和脑。 颈内动脉 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG 分支： 1.甲状腺上动脉 2.舌动脉 3.面动脉 4.枕动脉 5.耳后动脉 6.上颌动脉 7.颞浅动脉 8.咽升动脉 颈外动脉 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG （二）锁骨下动脉 锁骨下动脉，左侧起于主动脉弓，右侧起于头臂干。其主干直接延续为腋动脉。 主要分支（供应：上肢、胸壁、脑、脊髓）： 椎动脉 胸廓内动脉 甲状颈干 January, 2007 Copyright? Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicin