天然气管道破裂危险域的定量研究.pdfVIP

中国工程热物理学会 燃烧学 084268 学术会议论文 编号： 天然气管道破裂危险域的定量研究 1 1 1 2 杨昭 ，杨永安 ，赖建波 ，张天华 （1.天津大学机械工程学院热能研究所，天津， 300072 ；2.天津市燃气集团，天津，300070 ） (Tel ，Email ：Zhaoyang@tju.edu.cn) 摘 要：天然气管道破裂将会危及到破裂点附近的生命财产安全。气体泄漏率是分析和评价管道破 裂事故的前提和基础。本文将复杂的泄漏率模型进行简化，由简化模型得到的计算值与为简化模型 计算值之间的最大偏差为9.3%。基于该简化模型得到的气体喷射扩散模型，其计算值与准确值之间 的最大偏差为 18%。管道发生火焰喷射时，其危险域的理论计算值与事故实测值之间的最大偏差为 4m。为了减小管道泄漏危险域，应选用较小管径或降低输气压力。该研究结果可为管道的安全建设 提供理论依据。 关键词：天然气管道 气体泄漏 危险域 泄漏率 Quantitative research on hazard areas associated with a rupture of natural gas pipeline YANG Zhao, YANG Yong-an, LAI Jian-bo, ZHANG Tian-hua Abstract ：The rupture of natural gas pipeline can pose a significant threat to people and property in the immediate vicinity of the failure location. It is very important to estimate the mass flow rate of possible accidental release from the gas pipeline, in order to perform the hazard analysis or the risk management in the gas pipeline system. A simplified model to estimate the release rate from a rupture of gas pipeline is proposed in this paper. The model has some positive deviation from the theoretical complex equations, and it ranges from about 0 up to 9.3%. Based on the simplified model, a gas jet dispersion model is got and has the maximum deviation of 18% from the theoretical complex equations. When gas jet fire is generated from the rupture of the pipe, the thermal radiation from sustained fire is the dominant hazard. The mathematical model of hazard area based on the simplified model is compared with damage areas of real accidents with success. In ord