C的案例04动态规划.ppt

第四讲 动态规划 （Dynamic programming） 用暴力的方法，可以吗？ 这道题如果用枚举法（暴力思想），在数塔层数稍大的情况下（如31），则需要列举出的路径条数将是一个非常庞大的数目（2^30= 1024^3 10^9=10亿）。 拒绝暴力，倡导和谐～ 从顶点出发时到底向左走还是向右走应取决于是从左走能取到最大值还是从右走能取到最大值，只要左右两道路径上的最大值求出来了才能作出决策。 同样，下一层的走向又要取决于再下一层上的最大值是否已经求出才能决策。这样一层一层推下去，直到倒数第二层时就非常明了。 如数字2，只要选择它下面较大值的结点19前进就可以了。所以实际求解时，可从底层开始，层层递进，最后得到最大值。 结论：自顶向下的分析，自底向上的计算。 思路：从倒数第二行起， 按照状态转移方程 dp[i][j] = max(dp[i + 1][j], dp[i + 1][j + 1]) + val[i][j] 向上递推， 直到val[1][1]， 此时dp[1][1]就是结果 二、经典问题：最长有序子序列 二、经典问题：最长有序子序列 二、经典问题：最长有序子序列 二、经典问题：最长有序子序列 三 1160 FatMouses Speed Problem Description FatMouse believes that the fatter a mouse is, the faster it runs. To disprove this, you want to take the data on a collection of mice and put as large a subset of this data as possible into a sequence so that the weights are increasing, but the speeds are decreasing. Input Input contains data for a bunch of mice, one mouse per line, terminated by end of file. The data for a particular mouse will consist of a pair of integers: the first representing its size in grams and the second representing its speed in centimeters per second. Both integers are between 1 and 10000. The data in each test case will contain information for at most 1000 mice. Two mice may have the same weight, the same speed, or even the same weight and speed.? 三 1160 FatMouses Speed Output Your program should output a sequence of lines of data; the first line should contain a number n; the remaining n lines should each contain a single positive integer (each one representing a mouse). If these n integers are m[1], m[2],..., m[n] then it must be the case that?W[m[1]] W[m[2]] ... W[m[n]]and?S[m[1]] S[m[2]] ... S[m[n]]In order for the answer to be correct, n should be as large as possible.All inequalities are strict: weights must be strictly increasing, and speeds must be strictly decreasing. There may be many correct outputs for a given input, your program only needs to find one.? 三 1160 FatMouses Speed Sample Input