Antimicrobial Activity of Heterotrophic Bacterial Communities from the Marine Sponge Erylus discophorus (Astrophorida, Geodiidae).docVIP

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Antimicrobial Activity of Heterotrophic Bacterial Communities from the Marine Sponge Erylus discophorus (Astrophorida, Geodiidae).doc

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Antimicrobial Activity of Heterotrophic Bacterial Communities from the Marine Sponge Erylus discophorus (Astrophorida, Geodiidae)

AntimicrobialActivityofHeterotrophicBacterial CommunitiesfromtheMarineSpongeErylus discophorus(Astrophorida,Geodiidae) AnaPatr?′ciaGrac?a1,2,JoanaBondoso1,2,HelenaGaspar3,JoanaR.Xavier4,5,MariaCa?ndidaMonteiro6, MercedesdelaCruz6,DanielOves-Costales6,FranciscaVicente6,OlgaMariaLage1,2* 1DepartmentofBiology,FacultyofSciences,UniversityofPorto,Porto,Portugal,2InterdisciplinaryCentreofMarineandEnvironmentalResearch(CIMAR/CIIMAR),Porto, Portugal,3CentrodeQu?′micaeBioqu?′micaeDepartamentodeQu?′micaeBioqu?′mica,FaculdadedeCie?ncias,UniversidadedeLisboaCampoGrande,Lisboa,Portugal, 4CIBIO,CentrodeInvestigac?a?oemBiodiversidadeeRecursosGene′ticos,InBIOLaborato′rioAssociado,Po′lodosAc?ores–DepartamentodeBiologiadaUniversidadedos Ac?ores,PontaDelgada,Portugal,5CEAB,Centred’EstudisAvanc?atsdeBlanes,(CSIC),Blanes(Girona),Spain,6Fundacio′nMEDINA,CentrodeExcelenciaenInvestigacio′n deMedicamentosInnovadoresenAndaluc?′a,ParqueTecnolo′gicodeCienciasdelaSalud,Armilla,Granada,Spain Abstract Heterotrophic bacteria associated with two specimens of the marine sponge Erylus discophorus were screened for their capacity to produce bioactive compounds against a panel of human pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus wild type and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus), fish pathogen (Aliivibrio fischeri) and environmentally relevant bacteria (Vibrio harveyi ). The spongeswerecollectedinBerlengasIslands,Portugal.Ofthe212isolatedheterotrophicbacteriabelongingtoAlpha -and Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, 31% produced antimicrobial metabolites. Bioactivity was found against both Gram positive and Gram negative and clinically and environmentally relevant target microorganisms. Bioactivitywas foundmainly against B.subtilisandsome bioactivityagainst S.aureus MRSA, V. harveyi andA.fisheri .No antifungal activity was detected. The three most bioactive genera were Pseudovibrio (4