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Comparison and Mapping Facilitate Relation Discovery and Predication.doc

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Comparison and Mapping Facilitate Relation Discovery and Predication

ComparisonandMappingFacilitateRelationDiscovery andPredication LeonidasA.A.Doumas1*,JohnE.Hummel2 1Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America, 2Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana- Champaign,Urbana,Illinois,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Relationalconceptsplayacentralroleinhumanperceptionandcognition,butlittleisknownabouthowtheyareacquired. Forexample,howdowecometounderstandthatphysicalforceisahigher-ordermultiplicativerelationbetweenmassand acceleration, or thattwocircles arethe same-shape in thesameway that twosquaresare? Arecentmodel ofrelational learning, DORA (Discovery of Relations by Analogy; Doumas, Hummel Sandhofer, 2008),predicts that comparison and analogical mapping play a central role in the discovery and predication of novel higher-order relations. We report two experimentstestingandconfirmingthisprediction. Citation: Doumas LAA, Hummel JE (2013) Comparison and Mapping Facilitate Relation Discovery and Predication. PLoS ONE 8(6): e63889. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0063889 Editor:OlafSporns,IndianaUniversity,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedJanuary10,2013;AcceptedApril8,2013;PublishedJune25,2013 Copyright:?2013Doumas,Hummel.Thisisanopen-accessarticledistributedunderthetermsoftheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense,whichpermits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:Nocurrentexternalfundingsourcesforthisstudy. CompetingInterests:Theauthorshavedeclaredthatnocompetinginterestsexist. *E-mail:leonidas@ Introduction tiallytoourunderstandingoftheoriginsofhumanperceptionand thinking,andtothedevelopmentofsymbolicthought[4]. Acquiring relational concepts is difficult, in part, because (at least in the limit) relations are invariant with their arguments: Smaller-than means the same thing in smaller-than (rhinoceros, elephant) as in smaller-than (mouse, rat). It is precisely this invariance that allows relational represen