一种考虑交通成本的城市空间结构演化模型.pdfVIP

Vol. 31 No.2 第31 卷第2 期 公路交通科技 Feb. 2014 却14 年2 月 J。因咀al of Highway and Transportation Research and Development doi: 10. 3969/j. issn. 1∞2 -0268. 2014. 02. 024 一种考虑交通成本的城市空间结构演化模型 何嘉耀，叶祯翔，石京 (清华大学交通研究所，北京 1制84 ) 摘要:研究了在自组织状态下各种典型城市形态的产业、人口布局的演化过程。基于新经济地理学理论，建立了允 许职位分离、存在通勤成本的城市模拟模型。模型中的城市里存在消费者服务业与生产者服务业，城市居民既是消 费者，又是劳动力，具有对消费品多样性的偏好，根据效用最大化原则选择居住地与工作地。通过调整交通成本参 数，对不同形态的城市进行了模拟，展现了交通成本与区位特征对城市产业、人口布局的影响。结采显示: 2 种产业 在演化过程中存在形成单中心和多中心模式的可能性;城市规划可通过控制交通政策和土地开发来引导城市发展。 关键词:运输经济;城市演化模型;模拟;城市空间结构;交通成本;自组织 中图分类号: F290 文献标识码:A 文章编号: 1∞2 -0268 (2014) 02 -0141 -09 An U巾an Spatial Structure Evolution Model Considering Transpo时 Cost HE Jia-yao , YE Zhen叹iang ， SHI Jing (Institute of Transportation Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 1侃J084 ， China) Abstract: The evolution of industry and population distribution of several typical city forms under self- organization condition is studied. Based on new economic geography theory , an urban simulation model in which house-job separation is allowed and commuting cost exists is built. In this model , the cities contain consumer service industry and producer service industry. The residents , being consumers and labors at the S缸ne time , have a preference for variety in consumer goods and choose their residence and workplace on 出e principle of utility maximization. Through simulations of cities of different forms , in which different transportation cost parameters 缸e adopted , the influence