5种句子基本句型及练习–学生版.docx

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题 一、句子成份 英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。 顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如： Country music has become more and more popular. We often speak English in class. One-third of the students in this class are girls. To swim in the river is a great pleasure. Smoking does harm to the health. The rich should help the poor. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. It is necessary to master a foreign language. 2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。1)简单谓语： We study for the people. 2)复合谓语： I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing. 3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。 My sister is a nurse. Is it yours? The weather has turned cold. The speech is exciting. Three times seven is twenty one?） His job is to teach English. His hobby is playing football. The ruler must be in your box. Time is up. The class is over. The truth is that he has never been abroad. 4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后 We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. They helped the old with their housework yesterday. It began to rain. I enjoy listening to popular music. I think（that）he is fit for his office. 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如： We make him our monitor. 5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street His father named him David. They painted their boat white. Let the fresh air in. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you. We saw her entering the room. We found everything in the lab in good order. 6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 He is a new student. 但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。 The bike in the room/over there/ is mine. Guilin is a beautiful city. China is a developing country; America is a developed country. There are thirty women teachers is our school.