Averaging of multivalued differential equations英文文献资料.docVIP

AVERAGINGOFMULTIVALUEDDIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS G.GRAMMEL Received 16February 2001 Nonlinear multivalued di?erential equations with slow and fast subsystems are considered. Under transitivity conditions onthefast subsystem, theslow subsys- tem can be approximated by an averaged multivalued di?erential equation. The approximation intheHausdor? sense isoforder O(
1/3)as
→0. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classi?cation: 34A60, 34E15, 34C29. 1. Introduction. Weconsiderthenonlinearperturbedmultivalueddi?eren- tialequation

 z˙(t)∈
F z(t),y(t) , y˙(t)∈G y(t) , (1.1) where
0 denotes the small perturbation parameter, t∈[0,T/
] the time variable,z(·)theslowmotion,andy(·)thefastmotion. The fundamental task in perturbation theory is the construction of alimit systemwhichrepresents thesituationofavanishingperturbation parameter. In the single-valued case, F(z,y) ={f(z,y)} and G(y) ={g(y)}, that is, inthecase ofperturbed ordinary di?erential equations, this construction re- quires ergodicity properties of the fast subsystem. For instance, if the fast subsystem hasaunique invariant measure μ onthecompact invariant setN, thenthetrajectories oftheaveraged system z˙(t)=
 f z(t),y dμ(y) (1.2)
 N uniformly approximate the slow trajectories of (1.1) on the time intervals [0,T/
].Once anapproximation byanaveraged system isachieved, the next task is the determination of approximation orders. Here, one mainly has to know howfasttheunique invariant measure canberealized bysingle trajec- tories,thatis,howfasttheuniqueinvariantmeasurecanbeapproximated by occupation measures. In the multivalued case, an appropriate notion of invariant measure has been introduced in [1] in order to construct an averaged system. Averaging approaches for the order reduction of di?erential inclusions with two time scales have been used in [4, 6, 7, 9]. However, to the best knowledge of the  1616 G. GRAMMEL author, asidefromtheperiodic case(see[8]),theproblem ofdetermining ap- proximati