Biodiesel for Sustainable Energy Provision in Developing Countries英文文献资料.docVIP

Low Carbon Economy, 2011, 2, 138-143 doi:10.4236/lce.2011.23017 Published Online September 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/lce) Biodiesel for Sustainable Energy Provision in Developing Countries Moses Tunde Oladiran, Jerekias Gandure Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana. Email: oladiran@mopipi.ub.bw Received May 4 , 2011; revised July 15 , 2011; accepted July 30 , 2011. th th th ABSTRACT Consumption of fossil fuel resources has been growing over the years and it is the kernel of economic development. However combustion which takes place principally in automobiles, power generation and industrial plants produces greenhouse gases (GHG) that are harmful to the environment. The release of GHG such as carbon dioxide is contrib- uting to global warming. Biofuels can lower carbon footprint, reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and increase energy security. Integrating biofuels into the national energy mix also has good socio-economic and sustainability po- tential. Therefore this paper discusses factors for successful diffusion of biodiesel technology in developing economies. Keywords: Biodiesel, Developing Countries, Feedstock, Success Factors 1. Introduction the early 1970’s. The European Union (EU) is the world’s leader of biodiesel production. Figure 1 shows the ten top-ranked biodiesel producing countries in EU and they account for almost 90% of the Union’s output [3]. The other main biodiesel producers are: North America (USA), Asia (India, Malaysia) and South Ame- rica (Brazil). Biofuels have become very appealing because of their potential to provide reliable and sustainable energy. In- ternational efforts, national strategies and local commu- nity involvement are being initiated or enhanced for bio- fuels production in sev