高考英语近三真题语法精讲精练：专题倒装句.doc

语法专题八　倒装句 谓语动词放在主语之前的语法现象称为倒装。倒装可分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种。完全倒装是指整个谓语置于主语之前，而部分倒装是指将助动词、情态动词或be动词等置于主语之前。 考点一　完全倒装 1．表示方位的副词(如：there，here，up，down，out，in，away等)位于句首，句子谓语是go，come，run等不及物动词，可将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。但主语是人称代词时，不倒装。 There remains the possibility that mistakes have been made. Here he comes. 2．当句首状语为表示地点的介词短语时，也常常用全部倒装。 South of the city lies a factory. 3．表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”。 1)形容词＋连系动词＋主语 Present at the meeting were some experts. 2)过去分词＋连系动词＋主语 Gone are the days when they walked to work. 3)介词短语＋be＋主语 Among the goods are flowers，candles and toys. 考点二　部分倒装 1．句子以never，seldom，rarely，little，hardly，scarcely等否定意义的副词以及by no means，not until，not a word，not a single，on no condition，in no case等否定意义的词组开头，要用部分倒装语序。 Never will he come back to the factory. In no case will he give it up. 2．当句子用so，nor，neither开头，说明前面一句话中的情况也适用于另外一些人或物时，主语和谓语部分倒装，其常见句型是：so/neither/nor＋be (have/do等助动词或情态动词)＋主语。 Tom likes English，and so do I. 3．在so/such...that引导的结果状语从句中，当为了强调，把so/such提到句首时，主谓要倒装。 So moved was she that she could not say a word. 4．as/though引导让步状语从句时句子要用倒装语序，即要将从句中的表语、状语或从句中的动词提到as/though的前面。在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的单数可数名词前不用任何冠词。 Try as she might，she couldnt open the door. Child as he is，he knows a lot. 5．在省略if的虚拟条件句中，were，had或should要提到句首构成倒装。 Had you come a few minutes earlier，you would have seen him. 6．当only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，采用部分倒装形式。要注意only＋主语放句首时不倒装。 Only in this way can you learn English well. Only you can help me. 7．用于某些表示祝愿的句子。 May you succeed! 8．neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列分句时，这两个分句都要用倒装形式。 Neither do I know it，nor do I care about it. 1．(2012·重庆高考)The headmaster will not permit the change in the course，nor ______ it a thought. A．does he even give　　　　B．he even givesC．will he even give D．he will even give 2．(2012·天津高考)Only after Mary read her composition the second time ______ the spelling mistake. A．did she notice B．she noticed C．does she notice D．she has noticed 3．(2012·江西高考)Never before ______ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. A．had she B．she hadC．has sh