预防西尼罗河病毒感染中英文对照.pptVIP

* 2012 West Nile Virus 预防西尼罗河病毒感染West Nile Virus Prevention 西尼罗河病毒是由受感染的蚊子通过叮咬，传染给人类的一种病毒。 西尼罗河病毒可以导致人类罹患神经系统疾病甚至死亡。西尼罗河病毒在北美、非洲、欧洲、中东、和西亚很常见，以鸟和蚊子之间的传播循环而在自然中存在，人类、马和其他哺乳动物都可能被感染。 West Nile Virus 什么是西尼罗河病毒？ West Nile Virus (WNV) is a virus spread to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito. WNV can cause neurological disease and death in people. WNV is commonly found in North America, Africa, Europe, the Middle East and West Asia. WNV is maintained in nature in a cycle involving transmission between birds and mosquitoes. Humans, horses and other mammals can be infected. West Nile Virus What Is West Nile Virus? 通常，人类因受感染蚊子的叮咬被传染。当蚊子以受感染的鸟类为食时就会感染，病毒会在蚊子体内循环几天。最终病毒会到达蚊子的唾液腺。之后当它再吸血时（蚊子叮咬时），病毒就有可能被注入人体和动物体内，病毒随之可以繁殖并可能引起疾病。 West Nile Virus 传播途径 Human infection is most often the result of bites from infected mosquitoes. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on infected birds, which circulate the virus in their blood for a few days. The virus eventually gets into the mosquitos salivary glands. During later blood meals (when mosquitoes bite), the virus may be injected into humans and animals, where it can multiply and possibly cause illness. Transmission West Nile Virus 成年人的风险最大 50岁以上的人群感染后发展成严重西尼罗河热病的风险最大。免疫系统低下或有慢性疾病的人群也会有发展成严重疾病的风险。 至今，尚未有西尼罗河病毒通过一般接触出现人间传播的记载。 West Nile Virus 易感人群 Who is at risk? West Nile Virus Audlts are at highest risk. People over the age of 50 are most at risk of developing severe disease when infected with WNV. People with weakened immune systems or people with other chronic medical conditions are also at risk of severe illness. To date, no human-to-human transmission of WNV through casual contact has been documented. 80%的人感染西尼罗河病毒后不会发病。 20%西尼罗河病毒感染会发展为西尼罗热。 症状:发烧、头疼、疲倦、全身酸痛、恶心 和呕吐、皮疹和淋巴腺肿大。 严重的感染者发展成西尼罗河脑炎或脑膜 炎，或西尼罗河脊髓灰质炎。 潜伏期通常为3-14天。 West Nile Virus 体征与症状 West Nile Virus Most people (80%) who are infected with WNV will not get sick. About 20% of people who become infected with WNV will develop West Nile f