AStudyofGenderDifferenceinRefusalsBetweenCollege.docVIP

A Study of Gender Difference in Refusals Between College Students in China 姓名： 何玉杰 朱清华 摘要 拒绝是日常生活中使用频率比较高的语言行为，也是难度极大的语言行为。拒绝也是跨文化交际中导致交际失败或者误解的主要因素之一。不少西方学者从礼貌角度，二语习得和语用学角度做了大量的研究工作，获得了不少的理论成果，但是从性别差异角度对拒绝语言的研究却非常少。 本研究从性别角度出发，以Brown,Levinson和顾曰国的礼貌理论为依据，以田野调查为研究方法，以录音为工具，调查围绕的两个问题是：拒绝言语行为中是否存在性别差异；拒绝时女性是否比男性更礼貌。 本研究设计了中国男女大学生在四种不同语境下拒绝策略的选择，探讨了男性和女性同辈所使用的拒绝策略在频率和策略选择上是否存在差异。本研究使用录音的方法对受试者进行测试。研究结果表明,在实施拒绝时,大多数女生比男生更礼貌,更委婉。首先,在每次拒绝时,女生比男生使用更多拒绝策略;第二,女生使用否定的能力，间接拒绝策略，附加语和词汇手段的频率比男生高;第三,女生更倾向于提供详尽的拒绝理由。 我们希望通过这项研究,能帮助人们更好地理解汉语背景下,男女大学生在拒绝言语行为上的性别差异及其原因,同时能有助于减少跨性别交际中的失误,以期能够对人们的社会交往产生积极影响。 关键词：拒绝语；性别差异；礼貌原则；策略 Abstract Refusal is used frequently in everyday life, and is an extremely difficult verbal behavior. Besides, refusal is one of the main factors that cause misunderstanding in intercultural communication failures. Many Western scholars conducted a lot of research works from the perspective of politeness principle, second language acquisition and pragmatics. Whereas, few has been done on gender differences in refusals. In this study, based on the politeness theory of Brown, Levinson and Gu Yueguo, using the field work as research method and tape recorder as instrument to investigate around the two questions that are as followed: whether gender differences exist in refusal behaviors; in refusal behavior, whether female adopted more polite and indirect strategies than male. This study designs four different contexts to examine how Chinese male and female students choose to reject. It mainly explores the differences between male and female in terms of frequency and the choice of the refusal strategies. Recorder method is used in this study. The results show that females are generally more polite and more euphemistic in refusals. Firstly, females use more refusal strategies in each response while males make more economical refusals; secondly, female tend to use negative ability, indirect strategies, adjuncts and linguistic devices in a higher frequenc