Adaptations to Endosymbiosis in a Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Association Differential Gene Expression and Specific Gene Duplications 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Adaptations to Endosymbiosis in a Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Association Differential Gene Expression and Specific Gene Duplications 英文参考文献.doc

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Adaptations to Endosymbiosis in a Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Association Differential Gene Expression and Specific Gene Duplications 英文参考文献

AdaptationstoEndosymbiosisinaCnidarian- DinoflagellateAssociation:DifferentialGeneExpression andSpecificGeneDuplications PhilippeGanot1,2,3,4.,Aure′lieMoya1,2,3,4.¤,VirginieMagnone1,3,5,DenisAllemand1,6,PaolaFurla1,2,3,4 , Ce′cileSabourault1,2,3,4 * 1Universite′ de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France, 2Universite′ Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, 3Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Roscoff, France, 4UMR7138 Syste′matique, Adaptation, Evolution, Nice, France, 5Institut de Pharmacologie Mole′culaire et Cellulaire, UMR 6097, Sophia Antipolis, France, 6Centre ScientifiquedeMonaco,Monaco,Monaco Abstract Trophic endosymbiosis between anthozoans and photosynthetic dinoflagellates forms the key foundation of reef ecosystems. Dysfunction and collapse of symbiosis lead to bleaching (symbiont expulsion), which is responsible for the severeworldwidedeclineofcoralreefs.Molecularsignalsarecentraltothestabilityofthispartnershipandaretherefore closely related to coral health. To decipher inter-partner signaling, we developed genomic resources (cDNA library and microarrays)fromthesymbioticseaanemoneAnemoniaviridis.Herewedescribedifferentialexpressionbetweensymbiotic (also called zooxanthellate anemones) or aposymbiotic (also called bleached) A. viridis specimens, using microarray hybridizationsandqPCRexperiments.Wemapped,forthefirsttime,transcriptabundanceseparatelyintheepidermalcell layerandthegastrodermalcellsthathostphotosyntheticsymbionts.Transcriptomicprofilesshowedlargeinter-individual variability, indicating that aposymbiosis could be induced by different pathways. We defined a restricted subset of 39 commongenesthatarecharacteristicofthesymbioticoraposymbioticstates.Wedemonstratedthattranscriptionofmany genesbelonging tothisset isspecifically enhanced inthesymbioticcells (gastroderm). Amodel isproposed wherethe aposymbiotic and therefore heterotrophic state triggers vesicular trafficking, whereas the symbiotic and therefore autotrophicstatefavorsmetabolic