All Paired Up with No Place to Go Pairing, Synapsis, and DSB Formation in a Balancer Heterozygote 英文参考文献.docVIP

AllPairedUpwithNoPlacetoGo: Pairing,Synapsis,andDSBFormation inaBalancerHeterozygote Wei J.Gong1,Kim S.McKim2,R.Scott Hawley1,3* 1StowersInstituteforMedicalResearch,KansasCity,Missouri,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2WaksmanInstituteandDepartmentofGenetics,Rutgers,theStateUniversityof NewJersey,Piscataway,NewJersey,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3DepartmentofMolecularBiosciences,UniversityofKansas,Lawrence,Kansas,UnitedStatesofAmerica ThemultiplyinvertedXchromosomebalancerFM7stronglysuppresses,oreliminates,theoccurrenceofcrossingover when heterozygous with a normal sequence homolog. We have utilized the LacI-GFP: lacO system to visualize the effectsofFM7onmeioticpairing,synapsis,anddouble-strandbreakformationinDrosophilaoocytes.Surprisingly,the analysis of meiotic pairing and synapsis for three lacO reporter couplets in FM7/X heterozygotes revealed they are pairedandsynapsedduringzygotene/pachytenein70%–80%ofoocytes.Moreover,theregionsdefinedbytheselacO coupletsundergodouble-strandbreakformationatnormalfrequency.Thus,evencomplexaberrationheterozygotes usuallyallowhighfrequenciesofmeioticpairing,synapsis,anddouble-strandbreakformationinDrosophilaoocytes. However, the frequencies of failed pairing and synapsis were still 1.5- to 2-fold higher than were observed for corresponding regions in oocytes with two normal sequence X chromosomes, and this effect was greatest near a breakpoint. We propose that heterozygosity for breakpoints creates a local alteration in synaptonemal complex structurethatispropagatedacrosslongregionsofthebivalentinafashionanalogoustochiasmainterference,which alsoactstosuppresscrossingover. Citation:GongWJ,McKimKS,HawleyRS(2005)Allpairedupwithnoplacetogo:Pairing,synapsis,andDSBformationinabalancerheterozygote.PLoSGenet1(5):e67. pairingsmightneedtobere-established,perhapsmorethan once,during eachcell cycle.Thus,it ispossible thatdespite Introduction Despite recent advances in our understanding of the meiotic process, the mechanisms that underlie meiotic pairing