Altered Nucleotide-Microtubule Coupling and Increased Mechanical Output by a Kinesin Mutant 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Altered Nucleotide-Microtubule Coupling and Increased Mechanical Output by a Kinesin Mutant 英文参考文献.doc

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Altered Nucleotide-Microtubule Coupling and Increased Mechanical Output by a Kinesin Mutant 英文参考文献

AlteredNucleotide-MicrotubuleCouplingandIncreased MechanicalOutputbyaKinesinMutant Hong-LeiLiu1,MarkA.Hallen2,3,SharynA.Endow1,3 * 1DepartmentofCellBiology,DukeUniversityMedicalCenter,Durham,NorthCarolina,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofBiochemistry,DukeUniversityMedical Center,Durham,NorthCarolina,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3PrograminStructuralBiologyandBiophysics,DukeUniversityMedicalCenter,Durham,NorthCarolina,United StatesofAmerica Abstract KinesinmotorshydrolyzeATPtoproduceforceanddoworkinthecell–howthemotorsdothisisnotfullyunderstood,but isthoughttodependonthecouplingofATPhydrolysistomicrotubulebindingbythemotor.Transmittalofconformational changes from the microtubule- to the nucleotide-binding site has been proposed to involve the central b-sheet, which couldundergolargestructuralchangesimportantforforceproduction.Weshowherethatmutationofaninvariantresidue inloopL7ofthecentralb-sheetoftheDrosophilakinesin-14Ncdmotoraltersbothnucleotideandmicrotubulebinding, althoughthemutatedresidueisnotpresentineithersite.Mutantsshowweak-ADP/tight-microtubulebinding,insteadof tight-ADP/weak-microtubule binding like wild type – they hydrolyze ATP faster than wild type, move faster in motility assays,andassemblelongspindleswithgreatlyelongatedpoles,whicharealsoproducedbysimulationsofassemblywith tighter microtubule binding and faster sliding. The mutated residue acts like a mechanochemical coupling element – it transmits changes between the microtubule-binding and active sites, and can switch the state of the motor, increasing mechanicaloutputbythemotor.Onepossibility,basedonourfindings,isthatmovementsbytheresidueandtheloopthat containsitcouldbendordistortthecentralb-sheet,mediatingfreeenergychangesthatleadtoforceproduction. Citation:LiuH-L,HallenMA,EndowSA(2012)AlteredNucleotide-MicrotubuleCouplingandIncreasedMechanicalOutputbyaKinesinMutant.PLoSONE7(10): e47148.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047148 Editor:AnthonyGeorge,UniversityofTechnologySydney,Australia ReceivedJuly9,2012;Acc