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An Institutional Mechanism for Assortment in an Ecology of Games 英文参考文献
AnInstitutionalMechanismforAssortmentinanEcology
ofGames
PaulE.Smaldino1*,MarkLubell2
1DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofCaliforniaDavis,Davis,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofEnvironmentalScienceandPolicy,Universityof
CaliforniaDavis,Davis,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica
Abstract
Recent research has revived Long’s ‘‘ecology of games’’ model to analyze how social actors cooperate in the context of
multiplepoliticalandsocialgames.However,thereisstillapaucityoftheoreticalworkthatconsidersthemechanismsby
whichlarge-scalecooperationcanbepromotedinadynamicinstitutionallandscape,inwhichactorscanjoinnewgames
andleaveoldones.Thispaperdevelopsanagent-basedmodelofanecologyofgameswhereagentsparticipateinmultiple
public goods games. In addition to contribution decisions, the agents can leave and join different games, and these
processesarede-coupled.Weshowthatthepayoffforcooperationisgreaterthanfordefectionwhenlimitstothenumber
ofactorspergame(‘‘capacityconstraints’’)structurethepopulationinwaysthatallowcooperatorstocluster,independent
of any complex individual-level mechanisms such as reputation or punishment. Our model suggests that capacity
constraints are one effective mechanism for producing positive assortment and increasing cooperation in an ecology of
games. The results suggest an important trade-off between the inclusiveness of policy processes and cooperation: Fully
inclusivepolicyprocessesreducethechancesofcooperation.
Citation: Smaldino PE, Lubell M (2011) An Institutional Mechanism for Assortment in an Ecology of Games. PLoS ONE 6(8): e23019. doi:10.1371/
journal.pone.0023019
Editor:AttilaSzolnoki,HungarianAcademyofSciences,Hungary
ReceivedMay4,2011;AcceptedJuly8,2011;PublishedAugust5,2011
Copyright:?2011Smaldino,Lubell.Thisisanopen-accessarticledistributedunderthetermsoftheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense,whichpermits
unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited.
Funding:Thisworkwassupport
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