Azithromycin Mass Treatment for Trachoma Control Risk Factors for Non-Participation of Children in Two Treatment Rounds 英文参考文献.docVIP

AzithromycinMassTreatmentforTrachomaControl:Risk FactorsforNon-ParticipationofChildreninTwo TreatmentRounds ElizabethN.Ssemanda1,JoshuaLevens1,HarranMkocha2,BeatrizMunoz1,SheilaK.West1* 1DanaCenterforPreventiveOphthalmology,WilmerEyeInstitute,JohnsHopkinsUniversity,Baltimore,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2KongwaTrachomaProject, Kongwa,Tanzania Abstract Background: Persistent non-participation of children in mass drug administration (MDAs) for trachoma may reduce programimpact.Riskfactorsthatidentifyfamilieswhereparticipationisaproblemorprogramcharacteristicsthatfoster non-participation are poorly understood. We examined risk factors for households with at least one child who did not participateintwoMDAscomparedtohouseholdswhereallchildrenparticipatedinbothMDAs. Methods/Principal Findings: We conducted a case control study in 28 Tanzanian communities. Cases included all 152 households with at least one child who did not participate in the 2008 and 2009 MDAs with azithromycin. Controls consistedofarandomsampleof460householdswhereallchildrenparticipatedinbothMDAs.Aquestionnairewasasked ofallfamilies.Random-interceptlogisticregressionmodelswereusedtoestimateoddsratios(ORs)and95%confidence intervals (CIs), control for clustering, and adjust for community size. In total, 140 case households and 452 control households were included in the analyses. Compared to controls, guardians in case households had higher odds of reportingexcellenthealth(OR4.12(CI95%1.57–10.86)),reportingaburdenduetofamilyhealth(OR3.15(95%CI1.35– 7.35)), reduced ability to rely on others for assistance (OR 1.66 (95% CI 1.01–2.75)), being in a two (versus five) days distribution program (OR 3.31 (95% CI 1.68–6.50)) and living in a community with ,2 community treatment assistants (CTAs)/1000residents(OR2.07(95%CI1.04–4.12).Furthermore,casehouseholdsweremorelikelytohavemorechildren, youngerguardians,unfamiliaritywithCTAs,andCTAswithmoretraveltimetotheirassignedhouseholds(p-values,0.05). Conclusions/Sig