论文 引言部分修改.pptVIP

What is Introduction? Introduction is the first section of a scientific paper, including the background of the research, the nature and scope of the problem investigated. The function of Introduction The importance of an introduction? The Structure of Introduction 漏斗式结构： from broad and general to narrow and specific 先介绍主题的一般知识，再转向主题特定领域的研究现状，再提出自己要解决的问题，可以强调一下解决方法和重要性。这个问题必须是研究的主要问题，在论文中必须有证明的解决方法或者结论。 EXAMPLE Modern technology has brought many things to us to make our busy lives easier. When we look around in our houses, we see TV sets, computers, refrigerators, washing machines, dryers, cell phones, etc. Sometimes we are so used to these things that we forget the danger they may bring.For example, a microwave oven, a very common and useful thing in the kitchen, can be very dangerous. According to reports from our health bureau, microwave ovens can cause several kinds of physical harm. 这一段前三句说明科技的便利与危险是一个广泛的陈述，像漏斗的开口，纳入文章之主题：科技产品，然后逐渐缩小到一件产品：微波炉，并在最后一句提出作者的看法，微波炉可以导致各种伤害。 The Content of Introduction The Introduction should supply sufficient background information to allow the reader to understand and evaluate the results of the present study without needing to refer to previous publications on the topic. It should also provide the rationale for the present study. The blood brain barrier (BBB) formed by tight endothelial cell junctions of brain capillary prevents a large number of therapeutic compounds from central nervous system (CNS), including antibiotics, antineoplastic agents and CNS active drugs. Methotrexate (MTX) is a promising antitumor drug. Unfortunately, it is very difficult for MTX to penetrate BBB so that the administration of intrathecal injection is employed in clinical treatment for brain tumors. However, this route subjects patients to operation wounds and high risks. Several pharmaceutical methods have been tried to overcome BBB. First, drugs with proper chemical structures can be modified to enhance brain upt