Development, Problem Behavior, and Quality of Life in a Population Based Sample of Eight-Year-Old Children with Down Syndrome 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Development, Problem Behavior, and Quality of Life in a Population Based Sample of Eight-Year-Old Children with Down Syndrome 英文参考文献.doc

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Development, Problem Behavior, and Quality of Life in a Population Based Sample of Eight-Year-Old Children with Down Syndrome 英文参考文献

Development,ProblemBehavior,andQualityofLifeina PopulationBasedSampleofEight-Year-OldChildren withDownSyndrome HelmaB.M.vanGameren-Oosterom*,MinneFekkes,SimoneE.Buitendijk,AshnaD.Mohangoo,Jeanet Bruil,JacobusP.VanWouwe DepartmentChildHealth,NetherlandsOrganizationforAppliedScientificResearch(TNO),Leiden,TheNetherlands Abstract Objective: Children with Down syndrome (DS) have delayed psychomotor development. We investigated levels of development,problembehavior,andHealth-RelatedQualityofLife(HRQoL)inapopulationsampleofDutcheight-year-old childrenwithDS.Developmentaloutcomeswerecomparedwithnormativedataofeight-year-oldchildrenfromthegeneral population. Method:Overathree-year-periodallparentswithaneight-year-oldchildwithDSwereapproachedbythenationalparent organization. Developmental skills were assessed by means of the McCarthy Scales of Children’s Ability. To measure emotionalandbehavioralproblemsweusedtheChildBehaviorChecklist.HRQoLwasassessedwiththeTNO-AZLChildren’s QualityofLifequestionnaire.Analysesofvariancewereappliedtocomparegroups. Results:Atotalof337childrenparticipated.Meandevelopmentalagewassubstantiallylowerthanmeancalendarage(3.9 years,SD0.87and8.1years,SD0.15respectively).Meandevelopmentalagewassignificantlyloweramongboysthangirls (3.6(SD0.85)and4.2years(SD0.82)respectively;p,0.001).Comparedwiththegeneralpopulation,childrenwithDShad more emotional and behavioral problems (p,0.001). However on the anxious/depressed scale, they scored significantly morefavorably(p,0.001).SignificantlylowerHRQoLscoresforthescalesgrossmotorskills,autonomy,socialfunctioning and cognitive functioning were found (p-values,0.001). Hardly any differences were observed for the scales physical complaints,positiveandnegativeemotions. Conclusion:Eight-year-oldchildrenwithDShaveanaveragedevelopmentaldelayoffouryears,moreoftenhaveemotional andbehavioralproblems,andhavealessfavorableHRQoLcomparedwithchildrenfromthegeneralpopulation. Citation:vanGameren-OosteromHBM,FekkesM,BuitendijkSE