Differences in the Tumor Microenvironment between African-American and European-American Breast Cancer Patients 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Differences in the Tumor Microenvironment between African-American and European-American Breast Cancer Patients 英文参考文献.doc

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Differences in the Tumor Microenvironment between African-American and European-American Breast Cancer Patients 英文参考文献

DifferencesintheTumorMicroenvironmentbetween African-AmericanandEuropean-AmericanBreastCancer Patients DamaliN.Martin1,2,BrendaJ.Boersma1,MingYi3,MarkReimers4,TiffanyM.Howe1,HarryG.Yfantis5, YienCheTsai6,EricaH.Williams1,DongH.Lee5,RobertM.Stephens3,AllanM.Weissman6 ,Stefan Ambs1* 1LaboratoryofHumanCarcinogenesis,CenterofCancerResearch(CCR),NationalCancerInstitute(NCI),NationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH),Bethesda,Maryland,United StatesofAmerica,2CancerPreventionFellowshipProgram,OfficeofPreventiveOncology,NationalCancerInstitute(NCI),NationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH),Bethesda, Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3AdvancedBiomedicalComputingCenter,NCI-Frederick/SAIC-FrederickInc,NationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH),Frederick,Maryland, UnitedStatesofAmerica,4DepartmentofBiostatistics,VirginiaCommonwealthUniversity,Richmond,Virginia,UnitedStatesofAmerica, 5PathologyandLaboratory Medicine,BaltimoreVeteransAffairsMedicalCenter,Baltimore,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica,6LaboratoryofProteinDynamicsandSignaling,CenterofCancer Research(CCR),NationalCancerInstitute(NCI),NationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH),Frederick,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background:African-AmericanbreastcancerpatientsexperiencehighermortalityratesthanEuropean-Americanpatients despitehavingalowerincidenceofthedisease.Wetestedthehypothesisthatintrinsicdifferencesinthetumorbiology maycontributetothiscancerhealthdisparity. MethodsandResults:Usinglasercapturemicrodissection,weexaminedgenome-widemRNAexpressionspecifictotumor epithelium and tumor stroma in 18 African-American and 17 European-American patients. Numerous genes were differentiallyexpressedbetweenthesetwopatientgroupsandatwo-genesignatureinthetumorepitheliumdistinguished between them. To identify the biological processes in tumors that are different by race/ethnicity, Gene Ontology and disease association analyses were performed. Several biological processes were identified which may contribute to enhanceddiseaseaggressivenessinAfrican-Americanpa