Do Larval Supply and Recruitment Vary among Chemosynthetic Environments of the Deep Sea 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Do Larval Supply and Recruitment Vary among Chemosynthetic Environments of the Deep Sea 英文参考文献.doc

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Do Larval Supply and Recruitment Vary among Chemosynthetic Environments of the Deep Sea 英文参考文献

DoLarvalSupplyandRecruitmentVaryamong ChemosyntheticEnvironmentsoftheDeepSea? AnnaMetaxas1*,NoreenE.Kelly2 1DepartmentofOceanography,DalhousieUniversity,Halifax,NovaScotia,Canada,2DepartmentofBiology,YorkUniversity,Toronto,Ontario,Canada Abstract Background: The biological communities that inhabit chemosynthetic environments exist in an ephemeral and patchily distributedhabitatwithuniquephysicochemicalpropertiesthatleadtohighendemicity.Consequently,themaintenance and recovery from perturbation of the populations in these habitats is, arguably, mainly regulated by larval supply and recruitment. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Weusedatafromthepublishedscientificliteratureto:(1)comparethemagnitudesof andvariabilityinlarvalsupplyandsettlementandrecruitmentathydrothermalvents,seeps,andwhale,woodandkelpfalls; (2)explorefactorsthataffecttheselifehistoryprocesses,wheninformationisavailable;and(3)exploretaxonomicaffinities intherecruitassemblagesofthedifferentchemosynthetichabitats,usingmultivariatestatisticaltechniques.Larvalsupply atventscanvaryacrosssegmentsbyseveralordersofmagnitudeforgastropods;forbivalves,supplyissimilaratventson differentsegments,andatcoldseeps.Thelimitedinformationonlarvaldevelopmentsuggeststhatdispersalpotentialmay be highest for molluscs from cold seeps, intermediate for siboglinids at vents and lowest for the whale-bone siboglinid Osedax. Settlement is poorly studied and only at vents and seeps, but tends to be highest near an active source of emanatingfluidinbothhabitats.Rateofrecruitmentatventsismorevariableamongstudieswithinasegmentthanamong segments. Across different chemosynthetic habitats, recruitment rate of bivalves is much more variable than that of gastropodsandpolychaetes.Totalrecruitmentraterangesonlybetween0.1and1inddm22d21acrossallchemosynthetic habitats,fallingaboveratesinthenon-reducingdeepsea.Therecruitassemblagesatvents,seepsandkelpfallshavelower taxonomicbreadth,andincludemorefamiliesandgenerathathavemanyspeciesmorecloselyrelate