Extending Brain-Training to the Affective Domain Increasing Cognitive and Affective Executive Control through Emotional Working Memory Training 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Extending Brain-Training to the Affective Domain Increasing Cognitive and Affective Executive Control through Emotional Working Memory Training 英文参考文献.doc

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Extending Brain-Training to the Affective Domain Increasing Cognitive and Affective Executive Control through Emotional Working Memory Training 英文参考文献

ExtendingBrain-TrainingtotheAffectiveDomain: IncreasingCognitiveandAffectiveExecutiveControl throughEmotionalWorkingMemoryTraining SusanneSchweizer1*,AdamHampshire2,TimDalgleish1 1MedicalResearchCouncil Cognition andBrain Sciences Unit,Cambridge,United Kingdom, 2TheCenter for Brainand Mind, University ofWestern Ontario,Ontario, Canada Abstract So-called ‘brain-training’ programs are a huge commercial success. However, empirical evidence regarding their effectiveness and generalizability remains equivocal. This study investigated whether brain-training (working memory [WM]training)improvescognitivefunctionsbeyondthetrainingtask(transfereffects),especiallyregardingthecontrolof emotional material since it constitutes much of the information we process daily. Forty-five participants received WM training using either emotional or neutral material, or an undemanding control task. WM training, regardless of training material,ledtotransfergainsonanotherWMtaskandinfluidintelligence.However,onlybrain-trainingwithemotional materialyieldedtransferablegainstoimprovedcontroloveraffectiveinformationonanemotionalStrooptask.Thedata supporttherealityoftransferablebenefitsofdemandingWMtrainingandsuggestthattransferablegainsacrosstoaffective contexts require training withmaterial congruent to those contexts. Thesefindings constitute preliminary evidence that intensive cognitively demanding brain-training can improve not only our abstract problem-solving capacity, but also amelioratecognitivecontrolprocesses(e.g.decision-making)inourdailyemotiveenvironments. Citation:SchweizerS,HampshireA,DalgleishT(2011)ExtendingBrain-TrainingtotheAffectiveDomain:IncreasingCognitiveandAffectiveExecutiveControl throughEmotionalWorkingMemoryTraining.PLoSONE6(9):e24372.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024372 Editor:ManosTsakiris,RoyalHolloway,UniversityofLondon,UnitedKingdom ReceivedFebruary25,2011;AcceptedAugust9,2011;PublishedSeptember19,2011 Copyright: ? 2011 Schweizer et al. This is an open-access articl