Extensive Neuronal Differentiation of Human Neural Stem Cell Grafts in Adult Rat Spinal Cord 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Extensive Neuronal Differentiation of Human Neural Stem Cell Grafts in Adult Rat Spinal Cord 英文参考文献.doc

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Extensive Neuronal Differentiation of Human Neural Stem Cell Grafts in Adult Rat Spinal Cord 英文参考文献

o PL SMEDICINE ExtensiveNeuronalDifferentiationofHuman NeuralStemCellGraftsinAdultRatSpinalCord Jun Yan1,Leyan Xu1,Annie M.Welsh1,Glen Hatfield1,Thomas Hazel2,Karl Johe2,Vassilis E.Koliatsos1,3,4,5* 1DepartmentofPathology,DivisionofNeuropathology,TheJohnsHopkinsMedicalInstitutions,Baltimore,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2Neuralstem,Rockville, Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica3DepartmentofNeurology,TheJohnsHopkinsMedicalInstitutions,Baltimore,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica,4Departmentof Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, 5 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns HopkinsMedicalInstitutions,Baltimore,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica Funding:Thisworkwassupported bytheNationalInstitutesofHealth grantNS45140–03,theRobert PackardCenterforALSResearchat JohnsHopkins,andtheMuscular DystrophyAssociation.Thefunders hadnoroleinstudydesign,data collectionandanalysis,decisionto publish,orpreparationofthe manuscript. ABSTRACT Background Effectivetreatmentsfordegenerativeandtraumaticdiseasesofthenervoussystemarenot currentlyavailable.Thesupportorreplacementofinjuredneuronswithneuralgrafts,already anestablishedapproachinexperimentaltherapeutics,hasbeenrecentlyinvigoratedwiththe addition of neural and embryonic stem-derived precursors as inexhaustible, self-propagating alternativestofetaltissues.Theadultspinalcord,i.e.,thesiteofcommondevastatinginjuries andmotorneurondisease,hasbeenanespeciallychallengingtargetforstemcelltherapies.In most cases, neural stem cell (NSC) transplants have shown either poor differentiation or a preferentialchoiceofgliallineages. CompetingInterests:JunYan, LeyanXu,AnnieM.Welsh,Glen Hatfield,andVassilisE.Koliatsos havenofinancialinterestin Neuralstemorinaproductthat mightbedevelopedastheresultof thisstudy.KarlJoheandThomas Hazehavefinancialinterestin Neuralstem. MethodsandFindings Inthepresentinvestigation,wegraftedNSCsfromhumanfetalspinalcordgrowninmonolayer intothelumbarc