Factors Affecting Frequency Discrimination of Vibrotactile Stimuli Implications for Cortical Encoding 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Factors Affecting Frequency Discrimination of Vibrotactile Stimuli Implications for Cortical Encoding 英文参考文献.doc

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Factors Affecting Frequency Discrimination of Vibrotactile Stimuli Implications for Cortical Encoding 英文参考文献

FactorsAffectingFrequencyDiscriminationof VibrotactileStimuli:ImplicationsforCorticalEncoding JustinA.Harris1*,EhsanArabzadeh1,AdrienneL.Fairhall2,ClaireBenito1,MathewE.Diamond3 1SchoolofPsychology,UniversityofSydney,Australia,2DepartmentofPhysiologyandBiophysics,UniversityofWashington,Seattle,Washington, UnitedStatesofAmerica,3CognitiveNeuroscienceSector,InternationalSchoolforAdvancedStudies,Trieste,Italy Background.Measuringperceptualjudgmentsaboutstimuliwhilemanipulatingtheirphysicalcharacteristicscanuncoverthe neural algorithms underlying sensory processing. We carried out psychophysical experiments to examine how humans discriminate vibrotactile stimuli. Methodology/Principal Findings. Subjects compared the frequencies of two sinusoidal vibrationsappliedsequentiallytoonefingertip.Performancewasreducedwhen(1)therootmeansquarevelocity(orenergy) ofthevibrationswasequatedbyadjustingtheiramplitudes,and(2)thevibrationswerenoisy(theirtemporalstructurewas irregular).Theseeffectsweresuper-additivewhensubjectscomparednoisyvibrationsthathadequalvelocity,indicatingthat frequency judgments became more dependent on the vibrations’ temporal structure when differential information about velocitywaseliminated.Toinvestigatewhichareasofthesomatosensorysystemuseinformationaboutvelocityandtemporal structure,werequiredsubjectstocomparevibrationsappliedsequentiallytooppositehands.Thisparadigmexploitsthefact thattactileinputtoneuronsatearlylevels(e.g.,theprimarysomatosensorycortex,SI)islargelyconfinedtothecontralateral side of the body, so these neurons are less able to contribute to vibration comparisons between hands. The subjects’ performance was still sensitive to differences in vibration velocity, but became less sensitive to noise. Conclusions/ Significance. We conclude that vibration frequency is represented in different ways by different mechanisms distributed acrossmultiplecorticalregions.Whichmechanismssupportthe‘‘readout’’offrequencyvariesaccordingtotheinformation present