Five Cryptic Species in the Amazonian Catfish Centromochlus existimatus Identified Based on Biogeographic Predictions and Genetic Data 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Five Cryptic Species in the Amazonian Catfish Centromochlus existimatus Identified Based on Biogeographic Predictions and Genetic Data 英文参考文献.doc

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Five Cryptic Species in the Amazonian Catfish Centromochlus existimatus Identified Based on Biogeographic Predictions and Genetic Data 英文参考文献

FiveCrypticSpeciesintheAmazonianCatfish CentromochlusexistimatusIdentifiedBasedon BiogeographicPredictionsandGeneticData GeorginaM.Cooke1,NingL.Chao2,LucianoB.Beheregaray1,3* 1MolecularEcologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBiologicalSciences,MacquarieUniversity,Sydney,NewSouthWales,Australia,2Bio-AmazoniaConservationInternational, Baltimore,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3MolecularEcologyLaboratory,SchoolofBiologicalSciences,FlindersUniversity,Adelaide,SouthAustralia,Australia Abstract Accurately quantifying biodiversity is fundamental for both evolutionary theory and conservation strategies. DNA-based studies are exposing high cryptic diversity irrespective of taxonomic group or environmental setting, and increasing the ever-growing estimates of global biodiversity. This has severe implications for under-sampled and species-rich tropical regions, such as the Amazon Basin. We used biogeographic predictions derived from geomorphological history and contemporary hydrochemical and genetic data to examine cryptic diversity in the Amazonian driftwood catfish Centromochlusexistimatus.UsingbothnuclearandmitochondrialDNAmarkers,fivedeeplydivergentcrypticlineagesare reported,forwhichatleastthreearesympatricindistribution.Theselineagesappearrelativelyold,withdivergencetimes datingbacktomiddleMiocene.Diversificationeventsappeartobechronologicallyassociatedwiththeformationofthe modern Amazon River system, and perhaps influenced by hydrochemical gradients between tributaries. The cause of apparentmorphologicalstasisintheC.existimatusspeciescomplexisspeculatedwithinthecontextofhydrochemistryand non-visualmatingcuesandafulltaxonomicrevisionisrecommended.OurfindingssuggestthatthediversityofAmazonian ichthyofaunaisvastlyunderestimatedandhighlighttherelevanceofbiogeographicpredictionstoguidesamplingeffortsin ecologicallycomplexandunder-studiedecosystems. Citation:CookeGM,ChaoNL,BeheregarayLB(2012)FiveCrypticSpeciesintheAmazonianCatfishCentromochlusexistimatusIdentifiedBasedonBiogeographic