fMRI Activity in the Macaque Cerebellum Evoked by Intracortical Microstimulation of the Primary Somatosensory Cortex Evidence for Polysynaptic Propagation 英文参考文献.docVIP

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fMRI Activity in the Macaque Cerebellum Evoked by Intracortical Microstimulation of the Primary Somatosensory Cortex Evidence for Polysynaptic Propagation 英文参考文献.doc

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fMRI Activity in the Macaque Cerebellum Evoked by Intracortical Microstimulation of the Primary Somatosensory Cortex Evidence for Polysynaptic Propagation 英文参考文献

fMRIActivityintheMacaqueCerebellumEvokedby IntracorticalMicrostimulationofthePrimary SomatosensoryCortex:EvidenceforPolysynaptic Propagation TeppeiMatsui1,2,KenjiW.Koyano1,KeitaTamura1,TakahiroOsada1,YusukeAdachi1, KentaroMiyamoto1,JunichiChikazoe1,TsukasaKamigaki1,YasushiMiyashita1,2* 1DepartmentofPhysiology,TheUniversityofTokyoSchoolofMedicine,Tokyo,Japan,2DepartmentofPhysics,TheUniversityofTokyoSchoolofScience,Tokyo,Japan Abstract Simultaneouselectricalmicrostimulation(EM)andfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI)isausefultoolforprobing connectivityacrossbrainareasinvivo.However,itisnotclearwhetherintracorticalEMcanevokeblood-oxygenation-level- dependent(BOLD)signalinareasconnectedpolysynapticallytothestimulatedsite.TotestforthepresenceoftheBOLD activity evoked by polysynaptic propagation of the EM signal, we conducted simultaneous fMRI and EM in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) of macaque monkeys. We in fact observed BOLD activations in the contralateral cerebellum which is connected to the stimulation site (i.e. S1) only through polysynaptic pathways. Furthermore, the magnitude of cerebellaractivationswasdependentonthecurrentamplitudeoftheEM,confirmingtheEMisthecauseofthecerebellar activations.Theseresultssuggesttheimportanceofconsideringpolysynapticsignalpropagation,particularlyviapathways includingsubcorticalstructures,forcorrectlyinterpreting‘functionalconnectivity’asassessedbysimultaneousEMandfMRI. Citation:MatsuiT,KoyanoKW,TamuraK,OsadaT,AdachiY,etal.(2012)fMRIActivityintheMacaqueCerebellumEvokedbyIntracorticalMicrostimulationofthe PrimarySomatosensoryCortex:EvidenceforPolysynapticPropagation.PLoSONE7(10):e47515.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047515 Editor:NanyinZhang,UniversityofMassachusettsMedicalSchool,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedAugust10,2012;AcceptedSeptember12,2012;PublishedOctober31,2012 Copyright: ? 2012 Matsui et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestri