Frequent Arousals from Winter Torpor in Rafinesque’s Big-Eared Bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii) 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Frequent Arousals from Winter Torpor in Rafinesque’s Big-Eared Bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii) 英文参考文献.doc

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Frequent Arousals from Winter Torpor in Rafinesque’s Big-Eared Bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii) 英文参考文献

FrequentArousalsfromWinterTorporinRafinesque’s Big-EaredBat(Corynorhinusrafinesquii) JosephS.Johnson1*,MichaelJ.Lacki1,StevenC.Thomas2,JohnF.Grider3 1DepartmentofForestry,UniversityofKentucky,Lexington,Kentucky,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2UnitedStatesNationalParkService,MammothCave,Kentucky,United StatesofAmerica,3DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofNorthCarolina,Greensboro,NorthCarolina,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Extensive use of torpor is a common winter survival strategy among bats; however, data comparing various torpor behaviorsamongspeciesarescarce.Wintertorporbehaviorsarelikelytovaryamongspecieswithdifferentphysiologies and species inhabiting different regional climates. Understanding these differences may be important in identifying differingsusceptibilitiesofspeciestowhite-nosesyndrome(WNS)inNorthAmerica.Wefitted24Rafinesque’sbig-eared bats(Corynorhinusrafinesquii)withtemperature-sensitiveradio-transmitters,andmonitored128PIT-taggedbig-earedbats, duringthewintermonthsof2010to2012.WetestedthehypothesisthatRafinesque’sbig-earedbatsusetorporlessoften thanvaluesreportedforotherNorthAmericancave-hibernators.Additionally,wetestedthehypothesisthatRafinesque’s big-earedbatsarouseonwinternightsmoresuitablefornocturnalforaging.Radio-taggedbatsusedshort(2.4d60.3(SE)), shallow (13.9uC 6 0.6) torpor bouts and switched roosts every 4.1d 6 0.6. Probability of arousal from torpor increased linearlywithambienttemperatureatsunset(P,0.0001),and83%(n=86)ofarousalsoccurredwithin1hrofsunset.Activity ofPIT-taggedbatsatanartificialmaternity/hibernaculumroost betweenNovemberandMarchwaspositivelycorrelated with ambient temperature at sunset (P,0.0001), with males more active at the roost than females. These data show Rafinesque’sbig-earedbatisashallowhibernatorandisrelativelyactiveduringwinter.Wehypothesizethatwinteractivity patternsprovideCorynorhinusspecieswithanecologicalandphysiologicaldefenseagainstthefunguscausingWNS,and thatthesebatsmaybebettersuitedtowithstandfungalinfectiont