Gamma Oscillations of Spiking Neural Populations Enhance Signal Discrimination 英文参考文献.docVIP

GammaOscillationsofSpikingNeural PopulationsEnhanceSignalDiscrimination Naoki Masuda1,2*,Brent Doiron3,¤* 1 Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan, 2 Amari Research Unit, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama,Japan,3CenterforNeuralScience,NewYorkUniversity,NewYork,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica Selectiveattentionisanimportantfilterforcomplexenvironmentswheredistractionscompetewithsignals.Attention increases both the gamma-band power of cortical local field potentials and the spike-field coherence within the receptivefieldofanattendedobject.However,themechanismsbywhichgamma-bandactivityenhances,ifatall,the encoding of input signals are not wellunderstood. We propose that gamma oscillations induce binomial-like spike- count statistics across noisy neural populations. Using simplified models of spiking neurons, we show how the discrimination of static signals based on the population spike-count response is improved with gamma induced binomialstatistics.Theseresultsgiveanimportantmechanisticlinkbetweentheneuralcorrelatesofattentionandthe discriminationtaskswhereattentionisknowntoenhanceperformance.Further,theyshowhowarhythmicityofspike responsescanenhancecodingschemesthatarenottemporallysensitive. Citation:MasudaN,DoironB(2007)Gammaoscillationsofspikingneuralpopulationsenhancesignaldiscrimination.PLoSComputBiol3(11):e236.doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi. 0030236 Apopularframeworkforneuralcodingisthatthenumber of spikes produced by a single neuron or a population of Introduction Pastworkwithbothhumanandanimalsubjectshasfocused on neuralcorrelates ofattention. Attention raises the?ring rate and the input–output gain of orientation-selective neuronsinthevisualcortex[1–3],andshiftsresponsecurves so that physiologically relevant stimuli fall in the high-gain region [4,5]. Also, when attended stimuli overlap with a recordedreceptive?eld,gamma-bandfrequencycomponents (30–80 Hz) of local ?eld potentials and single-u