Genetic Continuity in the Franco-Cantabrian Region New Clues from Autochthonous Mitogenomes 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Genetic Continuity in the Franco-Cantabrian Region New Clues from Autochthonous Mitogenomes 英文参考文献.doc

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Genetic Continuity in the Franco-Cantabrian Region New Clues from Autochthonous Mitogenomes 英文参考文献

GeneticContinuityintheFranco-CantabrianRegion: NewCluesfromAutochthonousMitogenomes AlbertoGo′mez-Carballa1.,AnnaOlivieri2,DoronM.Behar3,AlessandroAchilli4,AntonioTorroni2, AntonioSalas1*. 1Unidade deXene′tica, Departamento deAnatom?′aPatolo′xica eCiencias Forenses,Instituto deMedicinaLegal, Facultade deMedicina,UniversidadedeSantiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain, 2Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘‘L. Spallanzani,’’ Universita` di Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 3Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel, 4DipartimentodiBiologiaCellulareeAmbientale,Universita` diPerugia,Perugia,Italy Abstract Background: The Late Glacial Maximum (LGM), ,20 thousand years ago (kya), is thought to have forced the people inhabiting vast areas of northern and central Europe to retreat to southern regions characterized by milder climatic conditions.ArchaeologicalrecordsindicatethatFranco-Cantabriamighthavebeenthemajorsourceforthere-peoplingof EuropeatthebeginningoftheHolocene(11.5kya).However,geneticevidenceisstillscarceandhasbeenthefocusofan intensedebate. Methods/PrincipalFindings:Basedonasurveyofmorethan345,000partialcontrolregionsequencesandtheanalysisof 53mitochondrialDNA(mtDNA)genomes,weidentifiedanmtDNAlineage,HV4a1a,whichmostlikelyaroseintheFranco- Cantabrianareaabout5.4kyaandremainedconfinedtonorthernIberia. Conclusions/Significance: The HV4a1a lineage and several of its younger branches reveal for the first time genetic continuityinthisregionandlong-termepisodesofisolation.This,inturn,couldatleastinpartexplaintheuniquelinguistic andculturalfeaturesoftheBasqueregion. Citation: Go′mez-Carballa A, Olivieri A, Behar DM, Achilli A, Torroni A, et al. (2012) Genetic Continuity in the Franco-Cantabrian Region: New Clues from AutochthonousMitogenomes.PLoSONE7(3):e32851.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032851 Editor:DavidCaramelli,UniversityofFlorence,Italy ReceivedJanuary8,2012;AcceptedFebruary3,2012;PublishedMarch19,2012 Copyright:?2012Go′mez-Carballaetal.Thisisanopen-accessarticledist