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Global Epigenetic Changes Induced by SWI2SNF2 Inhibitors Characterize Neomycin-Resistant Mammalian Cells 英文参考文献.docVIP

Global Epigenetic Changes Induced by SWI2SNF2 Inhibitors Characterize Neomycin-Resistant Mammalian Cells 英文参考文献.doc

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Global Epigenetic Changes Induced by SWI2SNF2 Inhibitors Characterize Neomycin-Resistant Mammalian Cells 英文参考文献

GlobalEpigeneticChangesInducedbySWI2/SNF2 InhibitorsCharacterizeNeomycin-ResistantMammalian Cells PopyDutta1.¤,GoutamKumarTanti1.,SoniSharma1.,ShyamalK.Goswami1,SnehaSudhaKomath1, MartyW.Mayo2,JoelW.Hockensmith2*,RohiniMuthuswami1* 1SchoolofLifeSciences,JawaharlalNehruUniversity,NewDelhi,Delhi,India,2DepartmentofBiochemistryandMolecularGenetics,UniversityofVirginia,Charlottesville, Virginia,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background:Previously,weshowedthataminoglycosidephosphotransferasescatalyzetheformationofaspecificinhibitor of the SWI2/SNF2 proteins. Aminoglycoside phosphotransferases, for example neomycin-resistant genes, are used extensivelyasselectionmarkersinmammaliantransfectionsaswellasintransgenicstudies.However,introductionofthe neomycin-resistantgeneisfraughtwithvariabilityingeneexpression.Wehypothesizedthattheintroductionofneomycin- resistant genes into mammalian cells results in inactivation of SWI2/SNF2 proteins thereby leading to global epigenetic changes. Methodology:Usingfluorescencespectroscopywehaveshownthattheinhibitor,knownasActiveDNA-dependentATPase ADomaininhibitor(ADAADi),bindstotheSWI2/SNF2proteinsintheabsenceaswellaspresenceofATPandDNA.This bindingoccursviaaspecificregionknownasMotifIaleadingtoaconformationalchangeintheSWI2/SNF2proteinsthat precludesATPhydrolysis.ADAADiisproducedfromaplethoraofaminoglycosidesincludingG418andStreptomycin,two commonly used antibiotics in mammalian cell cultures. Mammalian cells are sensitive to ADAADi; however, cells stably transfectedwithneomycin-resistantgenesarerefractorytoADAADi.Inresistantcells,endogenousSWI2/SNF2proteinsare inactivatedwhichresultsinalteredhistonemodifications.Microarraydatashowsthatthechangesintheepigenomeare reflected in altered gene expression. The microarray data was validated using real-time PCR. Finally, we show that the epigeneticchangesarequantized. Significance:Theuseofneomycin-resistantgenesrevolutionizedmammaliantransfectionseventhoughquestionslinger aboutefficacy.Inthisstu

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