Global Epigenetic Changes Induced by SWI2SNF2 Inhibitors Characterize Neomycin-Resistant Mammalian Cells 英文参考文献.docVIP
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Global Epigenetic Changes Induced by SWI2SNF2 Inhibitors Characterize Neomycin-Resistant Mammalian Cells 英文参考文献
GlobalEpigeneticChangesInducedbySWI2/SNF2
InhibitorsCharacterizeNeomycin-ResistantMammalian
Cells
PopyDutta1.¤,GoutamKumarTanti1.,SoniSharma1.,ShyamalK.Goswami1,SnehaSudhaKomath1,
MartyW.Mayo2,JoelW.Hockensmith2*,RohiniMuthuswami1*
1SchoolofLifeSciences,JawaharlalNehruUniversity,NewDelhi,Delhi,India,2DepartmentofBiochemistryandMolecularGenetics,UniversityofVirginia,Charlottesville,
Virginia,UnitedStatesofAmerica
Abstract
Background:Previously,weshowedthataminoglycosidephosphotransferasescatalyzetheformationofaspecificinhibitor
of the SWI2/SNF2 proteins. Aminoglycoside phosphotransferases, for example neomycin-resistant genes, are used
extensivelyasselectionmarkersinmammaliantransfectionsaswellasintransgenicstudies.However,introductionofthe
neomycin-resistantgeneisfraughtwithvariabilityingeneexpression.Wehypothesizedthattheintroductionofneomycin-
resistant genes into mammalian cells results in inactivation of SWI2/SNF2 proteins thereby leading to global epigenetic
changes.
Methodology:Usingfluorescencespectroscopywehaveshownthattheinhibitor,knownasActiveDNA-dependentATPase
ADomaininhibitor(ADAADi),bindstotheSWI2/SNF2proteinsintheabsenceaswellaspresenceofATPandDNA.This
bindingoccursviaaspecificregionknownasMotifIaleadingtoaconformationalchangeintheSWI2/SNF2proteinsthat
precludesATPhydrolysis.ADAADiisproducedfromaplethoraofaminoglycosidesincludingG418andStreptomycin,two
commonly used antibiotics in mammalian cell cultures. Mammalian cells are sensitive to ADAADi; however, cells stably
transfectedwithneomycin-resistantgenesarerefractorytoADAADi.Inresistantcells,endogenousSWI2/SNF2proteinsare
inactivatedwhichresultsinalteredhistonemodifications.Microarraydatashowsthatthechangesintheepigenomeare
reflected in altered gene expression. The microarray data was validated using real-time PCR. Finally, we show that the
epigeneticchangesarequantized.
Significance:Theuseofneomycin-resistantgenesrevolutionizedmammaliantransfectionseventhoughquestionslinger
aboutefficacy.Inthisstu
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