Open Access Taking Full Advantage of the Content 英文参考文献.docVIP

Editorial OpenAccess:TakingFullAdvantageoftheContent PhilipE.Bourne1*,J.LynnFink1,MarkGerstein2 1SkaggsSchoolofPharmacyandPharmaceuticalSciences,UniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego,LaJolla,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2PrograminComputational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, and Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, UnitedStatesofAmerica This Journal and the Public Library of Science(PLoS)atlargearestandardbearers of the full potential offered through open access publication, but what of you, the reader?Formostofyou,openaccessmay implyfreeaccessto read the journals, but nothing more. There is a far greater potential,but,uptonow,littletopointto that highlights its tangible benefits. We would argue that, as yet, the full promise ofopenaccesshasnotbeenrealized.There are few persistent applications that collec- tivelyusethefullon-linecorpus,whichfor the biosciences at least is maintained in PubMedCentral(http://www.pubmedcen- /).Inshort,thereareno‘‘killer apps.’’ Since this readership, beyond any other, would seem to have the ability to change this situationatleastinthe biosci- ences,weareissuingacalltoaction. gofarbeyondreadingmaterialtomanip- ulatingitmuchlikedata. somethingsignificantwiththemarkupwe have, which may then inspire authors, publishers, and others to see the research andcommercialpotentialofthecorpus. Theuseofsuchmarkupisahallmarkof Web 2.0 and is manifest in the idea of a mashup. Simply put, a mashup is an integration ofWebcontent from multiple sources to provide a new and more powerful service beyond what can be achieved by any of the individual sources of information it comprises. This type of integration is facilitated if the semantic contentfromeachinformationsourcecan be identified and thus allow meaningful integration to take place. Specifically in relation to publishing, the mashup mani- fests the blurring of the distinction be- tween databases and journals,