Origin and Epidemiological History of HIV-1 CRF14_BG 英文参考文献.docVIP

Origin and Epidemiological History of HIV-1 CRF14_BG 英文参考文献.doc

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Origin and Epidemiological History of HIV-1 CRF14_BG 英文参考文献

OriginandEpidemiologicalHistoryofHIV-1CRF14_BG Ine?sBa′rtolo1,2,AnaB.Abecasis3,PedroBorrego1,2,HelenaBarroso1,2,FrancineMcCutchan4,Perpe′tua Gomes2,3,5,RicardoCamacho3,5,NunoTaveira1,2 * 1Unidade dos Retrov?′rus e Infecc?o?es Associadas, Centro de Patoge′nese Molecular, Faculdade de Farma′cia de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal, 2Centro de Investigac?a?o InterdisciplinarEgasMoniz(CiiEM),InstitutoSuperiordeCie?nciasdaSau′deEgasMoniz,Caparica,Portugal,3CentrodeMala′ria eOutrasDoenc?as Tropicais,Institutode HigieneeMedicinaTropical,Lisboa,Portugal,4BillandMelindaGatesFoundation,Seattle,Washington,UnitedStatesofAmerica,5Laborato′riodeBiologiaMolecular, CentroHospitalarLisboaOcidental,HospitalEgasMoniz,Lisboa,Portugal Abstract Background: CRF14_BG isolates, originally found in Spain, are characterized by CXCR4 tropism and rapid disease progression.ThisstudyaimedtoidentifytheoriginofCRF14_BGandreconstructitsepidemiologicalhistorybasedonnew isolatesfromPortugal. Methodology/Principal Findings: C2V3C3 env gene sequences were obtained from 62 samples collected in 1993–1998 fromPortugueseHIV-1patients.Full-lengthgenomicsequenceswereobtainedfromthreepatients.Viralsubtypes,diversity, divergencerateandpositiveselectionwereinvestigatedbyphylogeneticanalysis.Themolecularstructureofthegenomes wasdeterminedbybootscanning.ArelaxedmolecularclockmodelwasusedtodatetheoriginofCRF14_BG.Geno2pheno wasusedtopredictviraltropism.SubtypeBwasthemostprevalentsubtype(45sequences;73%)followedbyCRF14_BG(8; 13%),G(4;6%),F1(2;3%),C(2;3%)andCRF02_AG(1;2%).ThreeCRF14_BGsequenceswerederivedfrom1993samples. Near full-length genomic sequences were strongly related to the CRF14_BG isolates from Spain. Genetic diversity of the PortugueseisolateswassignificantlyhigherthantheSpanishisolates(0.044vs0.014,P,0.0001).Themeandateoforiginof theCRF14_BGclusterwasestimatedtobe1992(range,1989and1996)basedonthesubtypeGgenomicregionand1989 (range,1984–1993)basedonthesubtypeBgenomicregion.MostCRF14_BGstrains(78.9%)wer

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