Phagocytic Activity Is Impaired in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Increases after Metabolic Improvement 英文参考文献.docVIP

PhagocyticActivityIsImpairedinType2Diabetes MellitusandIncreasesafterMetabolicImprovement AlbertLecube1.,GiselaPacho′n1,2.,JordiPetriz2,CristinaHerna′ndez1,RafaelSimo′1* 1DiabetesandMetabolismResearchUnit,CIBERdeDiabetesyEnfermedadesMetabo′licasAsociadas(CIBERDEM),InstitutodeSaludCarlosIII(ISCIII),Valld’HebronInstitut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebro′n, Universitat Auto`noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 2Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational and PediatricsOncology,Valld’HebronInstitutdeRecerca(VHIR),UniversitatAuto`nomadeBarcelona,Barcelona,Spain Abstract Objective:1)Toevaluatewhetherperipheralbloodmononuclearcells(PBMCs)fromtype2diabeticpatientspresentan impairment of phagocytic activity; 2)To determine whether theeventual impairment in phagocytic activityis related to glycemiccontrolandcanbereversedbyimprovingbloodglucoselevels. Methods:21type2diabeticpatientsand21healthyvolunteerswereprospectivelyrecruitedforacase-controlstudy.In addition, those patients in whom HbA1c was higher than 8% (n=12) were hospitalized in order to complete a 5-day intensificationtreatmentofbloodglucose.Phagocyticactivitywasassessedbyusingamodifiedflowcytometryprocedure developed in our laboratory based on DNA/RNA viable staining to discriminate erythrocytes and debris. This method is simple,highlysensitiveandreproducibleandittakesadvantageofclassicmethodsthatarewidelyusedinflowcytometry. Results:Type2diabeticpatientsshowedalowerpercentageofactivatedmacrophagesincomparisonwithnon-diabetic subjects(54.00618.93vs68.53612.77%;p=0.006)Significantnegativecorrelationsbetweenphagocyticactivityandfasting glucose (r=20.619, p=0.004) and HbA1c (r=20.506, p=0.019) were detected. In addition, multiple linear regression analyses showed that either fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c were independently associated with phagocytic activity. Furthermore,inthesubsetofpatientswhounderwentmetabolicoptimizationasignificantincreaseinphagocyticactivity wasobserved(p=0.029). Conclu