Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by Macrophages Exerts Cytoprotective Effects Manifested by the Upregulation of Antiapoptotic Factors 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by Macrophages Exerts Cytoprotective Effects Manifested by the Upregulation of Antiapoptotic Factors 英文参考文献.doc

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Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by Macrophages Exerts Cytoprotective Effects Manifested by the Upregulation of Antiapoptotic Factors 英文参考文献

PhagocytosisofStaphylococcusaureusbyMacrophages ExertsCytoprotectiveEffectsManifestedbythe UpregulationofAntiapoptoticFactors JoannaKoziel1.*,AgnieszkaMaciag-Gudowska1.,TomaszMikolajczyk2,MalgorzataBzowska2,DanielE. Sturdevant4,AdelineR.Whitney5,LindseyN.Shaw3,FrankR.DeLeo5,JanPotempa1,6 1DepartmentofMicrobiology,FacultyofBiochemistry,BiophysicsandBiotechnology,JagiellonianUniversity,Krakow,Poland,2DepartmentofImmunology,Facultyof Biochemistry,BiophysicsandBiotechnology,JagiellonianUniversity,Krakow,Poland,3DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofSouthFlorida,Tampa,Florida,UnitedStatesof America, 4Research Technologies Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana,UnitedStatesofAmerica,5LaboratoryofHumanBacterialPathogenesis,RockyMountainLaboratories,NationalInstituteofAllergyandInfectiousDiseases, NationalInstitutesofHealth,Hamilton,Montana,UnitedStatesofAmerica,6DepartmentofPeriodontics,EndodonticsandDentalHygiene,UniversityofLouisvilleSchool ofDentistry,Louisville,Kentucky,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract ItisbecomingincreasinglyapparentthatStaphylococcusaureusareabletosurviveengulfmentbymacrophages,andthatthe intracellularenvironmentofthesehostcells,whichisessentialtoinnatehostdefensesagainstinvadingmicroorganisms,may infactprovidearefugeforstaphylococcalsurvivalanddissemination.Basedonthis,wepostulatedthatS.aureusmightinduce cytoprotective mechanisms by changing gene expression profiles inside macrophages similar to obligate intracellular pathogens,suchasMycobacteriumtuberculosis.TovalidateourhypothesiswefirstascertainedwhetherS.aureusinfection couldaffectprogrammedcelldeathinhuman(hMDMs)andmouse(RAW264.7)macrophagesand,specifically,protectthese cellsagainstapoptosis.OurfindingsindicatethatS.aureus-infectedmacrophagesaremoreresistanttostaurosporine-induced cell death than control cells, an effect partly mediated via the inhibition of cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Furt