Pregnancy and Maternal Behavior Induce Changes in Glia, Glutamate and Its Metabolism within the Cingulate Cortex 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Pregnancy and Maternal Behavior Induce Changes in Glia, Glutamate and Its Metabolism within the Cingulate Cortex 英文参考文献.doc

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Pregnancy and Maternal Behavior Induce Changes in Glia, Glutamate and Its Metabolism within the Cingulate Cortex 英文参考文献

PregnancyandMaternalBehaviorInduceChangesin Glia,GlutamateandItsMetabolismwithintheCingulate Cortex NatalinaSalmaso2*,Marie-PierreCossette1,BarbaraWoodside1 1CenterforStudiesinBehavioralNeurobiology,ConcordiaUniversity,Montreal,Quebec,Canada,2YaleSchoolofMedicine,YaleUniversity,NewHaven,Connecticut, UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract AnupregulationoftheastrocyticproteinsGFAPandbFGFwithinarea2ofthecingulatecortex(Cg2)occurswithin3hours ofparturitioninrats.Thesechangesaretheresultofaninteractionbetweenhormonalstateandmaternalexperienceand areassociatedwithincreaseddendriticspinedensityinthisarea.Here,weexaminedwhetherthisupregulationofastrocytic proteinsgeneralizedtootherglialmarkersand,inparticularthoseassociatedwithglutamatemetabolism.Wechoseglial markers commonly used to reflect different aspects of glial function: vimentin, like GFAP, is a marker of intermediate filaments;glutaminesynthetase(GS),andS-100beta,areusedasmarkersformatureastrocytesandGShasalsobeenused as a specific marker for glutamatergic enzymatic activity. In addition, we examined levels of proteins associated with glutaminesynthetase,glutamate,glutamineandtwoexcitatoryaminoacidtransportersfoundinastrocytes,glt-1andglast. S100beta immunoreactivity did not vary with reproductive state in either Cg2 or MPOA suggesting no change in the numberofmatureastrocytesacrosstheseconditions.Vimentin-irdidnotdifferacrossgroupsinCg2,butexpressionofthis proteindecreasedfromDay1postpartumonwardsintheMPOA.Bycontrast,GS-irwasincreasedwithin24hpostpartumin Cg2butnotMPOAandsimilarlytoGFAPandbFGFthisupregulationofGSresultedfromaninteractionbetweenhormonal state and maternal experience. Within Cg2, upregulation of GS was not accompanied by changes in the astrocytic glutamatergictransporters,glt-1andglast,however,anincreaseinbothglutamateandglutamineproteinswereobserved withintheCg2ofpostpartumanimals.Together,thesechangessuggestpostpartumupregulationofglutamatergicactivity andmetabolismwithinCg2thatisstimulatedbypregnancyho