Premetazoan genome evolution and the regulation of cell differentiation in the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Premetazoan genome evolution and the regulation of cell differentiation in the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta 英文参考文献.doc

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Premetazoan genome evolution and the regulation of cell differentiation in the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta 英文参考文献

Faircloughetal.GenomeBiology2013,14:R15 /2013/14/2/R15 RESEARCH OpenAccess Premetazoangenomeevolutionandthe regulationofcelldifferentiationinthe choanoflagellateSalpingoecarosetta StephenRFairclough1?,ZehuaChen2?,EricKramer3,QiandongZeng2,SarahYoung2,HughMRobertson4, EminaBegovic1,DanielJRichter1,CarstenRuss2,MJodyWestbrook1,GerardManning3,BFranzLang5,BrianHaas2, ChadNusbaum2*andNicoleKing1* Abstract Background:Metazoanmulticellularityisrootedinmechanismsofcelladhesion,signaling,anddifferentiationthat firstevolvedintheprogenitorsofmetazoans.Toreconstructthegenomecompositionofmetazoanancestors,we sequencedthegenomeandtranscriptomeofthechoanoflagellateSalpingoecarosetta,acloserelativeof metazoansthatformsrosette-shapedcoloniesofcells. Results:Acomparisonofthe55MbS.rosettagenomewithgenomesfromdiverseopisthokontssuggeststhatthe originofmetazoanswasprecededbyaperiodofdynamicgenegainandloss.TheS.rosettagenomeencodes homologsofcelladhesion,neuropeptide,andglycosphingolipidmetabolismgenespreviouslyfoundonlyin metazoansandexpandstherepertoireofgenesinferredtohavebeenpresentintheprogenitorsofmetazoans andchoanoflagellates.TranscriptomeanalysisrevealedthatallfourS.rosettaseptinsareupregulatedincolonies relativetosinglecells,suggestingthattheseconservedcytokinesisproteinsmayregulateincompletecytokinesis duringcolonydevelopment.Furthermore,genessharedexclusivelybymetazoansandchoanoflagellateswere disproportionatelyupregulatedincoloniesandthesinglecellsfromwhichtheydevelop. Conclusions:TheS.rosettagenomesequencerefinesthecatalogofmetazoan-specificgeneswhilealsoextending theevolutionaryhistoryofcertaingenefamiliesthatarecentraltometazoanbiology.Transcriptomedatasuggest thatconservedcytokinesisgenes,includingseptins,maycontributetoS.rosettacolonyformationandindicatethat theinitiationofcolonydevelopmentmaypreferentiallydrawupongenessharedwithmetazoans,whilelater stagesofcolonymaturationarelikelyregulatedbygenesuniquetoS.rosetta. Background multicellularity. Although the first meta