Prevalence and correlates of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C infection and harm reduction program use among male injecting drug users in Kabul, Afghanistan A cross-sectional assessment 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Prevalence and correlates of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C infection and harm reduction program use among male injecting drug users in Kabul, Afghanistan A cross-sectional assessment 英文参考文献.doc

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Prevalence and correlates of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C infection and harm reduction program use among male injecting drug users in Kabul, Afghanistan A cross-sectional assessment 英文参考文献

Toddetal.HarmReductionJournal2011,8:22 /content/8/1/22 RESEARCH OpenAccess PrevalenceandcorrelatesofHIV,syphilis,and hepatitisBandCinfectionandharmreduction programuseamongmaleinjectingdrugusersin Kabul,Afghanistan:Across-sectionalassessment CatherineSTodd1*,AbdulNasir2,M RazaStanekzai3,KatjaFiekert2,M ZafarRasuli4,DavidVlahov5and SteffanieAStrathdee 6 Abstract Background:AnascentHIVepidemicandhighprevalenceofriskydrugpracticesweredetectedamonginjecting drugusers(IDUs)inKabul,Afghanistanfrom2005-2006.WeassessedprevalenceofHIV,hepatitisCvirus(HCV), hepatitisBsurfaceantigen(HBsAg),syphilis,andneedleandsyringeprogram(NSP)useamongthispopulation. Methods:IDUswererecruitedbetweenJune,2007andMarch,2009andcompletedquestionnairesandrapid testingforHIV,HCV,HBsAg,andsyphilis;positivesamplesreceivedconfirmatorytesting.Logisticregressionwas usedtoidentifycorrelatesofHIV,HCV,andcurrentNSPuse. Results:Of483participants,allweremaleandmedianage,ageatfirstinjection,anddurationofinjectionwere28,24, and2.0years,respectively.One-fifth(23.0%)hadinitiatedinjectingwithinthelastyear.Reportedriskyinjectingpractices includedeversharingneedles/syringes(16.9%)orotherinjectingequipment(38.4%).PrevalenceofHIV,HCVAb,HBSAg, andsyphiliswas2.1%(95%CI:1.0-3.8),36.1%(95%CI:31.8-40.4),4.6%(95%CI:2.9-6.9),and1.2%(95%CI:0.5-2.7), respectively.HIVandHCVinfectionwerebothindependentlyassociatedwithsharingneedles/syringes(AOR=5.96, 95%CI:1.58-22.38andAOR=2.33,95%CI:1.38-3.95,respectively).Approximatelyhalf(53.8%)oftheparticipants wereusingNSPservicesattimeofenrollmentand51.3%reportedreceivingsyringesfromNSPsinthelastthree months.CurrentNSPusewasassociatedwithinitiatingdrugusewithinjecting(AOR=2.58,95%CI:1.22-5.44),sharing injectingequipmentinthelastthreemonths(AOR=1.79,95%CI:1.16-2.77),priorincarceration(AOR=1.57,95%CI: 1.06-2.32),andgreaterdailyfrequencyofinjecting(AOR=1.40injectionsdaily,95%CI:1.08-1.82). Conclusions:HIVandHCVprevalenceappearstableamongKabulIDUs,thoughthesubstantialnumberhaving rec