Probiotics and gastrointestinal disease successes, problems and future prospects 英文参考文献.docVIP

Gut Pathogens BioMedCentral Review Open Access Probiotics and gastrointestinal disease: successes, problems and future prospects Eamonn P Culligan2,3, Colin Hill2,3 and Roy D Sleator*1,2 Address: 1Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland, 2Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland and 3Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland Email: Eamonn P Culligan - eamonnculligan@; Colin Hill - c.hill@ucc.ie; Roy D Sleator* - roy.sleator@cit.ie * Corresponding author Published: 23 November 2009 Received: 30 October 2009 Accepted: 23 November 2009 Gut Pathogens 2009, 1:19 doi:10.1186/1757-4749-1-19 This article is available from: /content/1/1/19 ? 2009 Culligan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Gastrointestinal disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide each year. Treatment of chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal conditions such as ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease is difficult due to the ambiguity surrounding their precise aetiology. Infectious gastrointestinal diseases, such as various types of diarrheal disease are also becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to the increasing dissemination of antibiotic resistance among microorganisms and the emergence of the so-called superbugs. Taking into consideration these problems, the need for novel therapeutics is essential. Although described for over a century probiotics have only been extensively researched in recent years. Their use in the treatment and prevention of disease, particularly gastrointestinal disease, has yielded many successf