Reduced Antibody Responses to Vaccinations in Children Exposed to Polychlorinated Biphenyls 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Reduced Antibody Responses to Vaccinations in Children Exposed to Polychlorinated Biphenyls 英文参考文献.doc

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Reduced Antibody Responses to Vaccinations in Children Exposed to Polychlorinated Biphenyls 英文参考文献

o PL SMEDICINE ReducedAntibodyResponses toVaccinationsinChildrenExposed toPolychlorinatedBiphenyls Carsten Heilmann1,Philippe Grandjean2,3*,Pa′lWeihe2,4,Flemming Nielsen2,Esben Budtz-J?rgensen2,5 1PaediatricClinicII,NationalUniversityHospital,Rigshospitalet,Copenhagen,Denmark,2InstituteofPublicHealth,UniversityofSouthernDenmark,Odense,Denmark, 3DepartmentofEnvironmentalHealth,HarvardSchool ofPublicHealth,Boston, Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica, 4Department ofOccupational Medicineand PublicHealth,To′rshavn,FaroeIslands,Denmark,5DepartmentofBiostatistics,InstituteofPublicHealth,UniversityofCopenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark Funding:Thisworkwassupported bytheDanishMedicalResearch Council,theDanishEnvironmental ProtectionAgencyaspartofthe environmentalsupportprogram DANCEA(DanishCooperationfor EnvironmentintheArctic),the NationalInstituteforEnvironmental HealthSciences(ES12199),andthe U.S.EnvironmentalProtection Agency(R830758).Thefundershad noroleinstudydesign,data collectionandanalysis,decisionto publish,orpreparationofthe manuscript. ABSTRACT Background Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been implicated as a possible cause of deficient immune function in children. This study was designed to assess whetherprenatalandpostnatalexposuretoPCBsimpactsonantibodyresponsetochildhood immunizations. MethodsandFindings TwobirthcohortswereformedintheFaroeIslands,whereexposuresvarywidely,because traditional diets may include whale blubber contaminated with PCBs. Prenatal exposure was determined from maternal concentrations of PCBs in pregnancy serum and milk. Following routinechildhoodvaccinationsagainsttetanusanddiphtheria,119childrenwereexaminedat 18moand129childrenat7yofage,andtheirserumsampleswereanalyzedfortetanusand diphtheria toxoid antibodies and for PCBs. The antibody response to diphtheria toxoid decreasedatage18moby24.4%(95%confidenceinterval[CI],1.63–41.9;p?0.04)foreach doublingofthecumulativePCBexposureatthetimeofexamination.Thed