Science its a role model thing 英文参考文献.docVIP

Gunter Genome Biology 2013,14:105 /2013/14/2/105 COMMENT Science: it’s a role model thing Chris Gunter* It seems like an obvious, intuitive statement, and indeed For test-based studies especially, a key concept is people state it everywhere as such. Girls are more likely ‘stereotype threat’, or the e? ect of anxiety or negative to enter and stay in a scienti? c career if they have female emotion when a subject is put in a position where they role models who are successful in science or math; ergo, might con? rm a negative stereotype about themselves. female scientists should make all e? orts to serve as role Multiple analyses have demonstrated that by the time models. But is it actually true? they get to college, women are a? ected by the stereotype that they will perform more poorly on tests. A classic I recently gave a talk for the Huntsville, Alabama Chapter of the American Association of University Women example: when college students were told they were (AAUW), and was asked to speak about what e? orts taking a test to measure their math abilities, a statement there are to get girls interested in science. What I didn’t shown to invoke stereotype threat, men and women realize is that the National Research Director of AAUW, Dr Catherine Hill, would be speaking right before me and performed equivalently. When half of them were also told ‘this mathematics test has not shown any gender covering a lot of the same territory, based on her co- di? erences in performance or mathematics ability,’ authorship of an outstanding 2010 report on women in presumably negating the stereotype threat for women, the science, technology, engineering and mathematics women performed signi? cantly better than both the men (STEM) [1]. and other women not given this second instruction [3]. L