Satellite Telemetry and Long-Range Bat Movements 英文参考文献.docVIP

SatelliteTelemetryandLong-RangeBatMovements CraigS.Smith1,JonathanH.Epstein2,AndrewC.Breed3,RainaK.Plowright4,KevinJ.Olival2,Carolde Jong1,PeterDaszak2,HumeE.Field1* 1Biosecurity Sciences Laboratory, Department of Employment, Biosecurity Queensland, Economic Development Innovation, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia, 2EcoHealthAlliance,NewYorkCity,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3CentreforEpidemiologyandRiskAnalysis,VeterinaryLaboratoriesAgency,Addlestone,Surrey, UnitedKingdom,4DepartmentofMedicineandEpidemiology,SchoolofVeterinaryMedicine,UniversityofCaliforniaDavis,Davis,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background:Understandingthelong-distancemovementofbatshasdirectrelevancetostudiesofpopulationdynamics, ecology,diseaseemergence,andconservation. Methodology/Principal Findings: We developed and trialed several collar and platform terminal transmitter (PTT) combinations on both free-living and captive fruit bats (Family Pteropodidae: Genus Pteropus). We examined transmitter weight,size,profileandcomfortaskeydeterminantsofmaximizedtransmitteractivity.Wethentestedtheimportanceof bat-relatedvariables(speciessize/weight,roostinghabitatandbehavior)andenvironmentalvariables(day-length,rainfall pattern) in determining optimal collar/PTT configuration. We compared battery- and solar-powered PTT performance in variousfieldsituations,andfoundthelattermoresuccessfulinmaintainingvoltageonspeciesthatroostedhigherinthe tree canopy, and at lower density, than those that roost more densely and lower in trees. Finally, we trialed transmitter accuracy,andfoundthatactualdistanceerrorsandArgoslocationclasserrorestimateswereinbroadagreement. Conclusions/Significance:Weconcludethatnosinglecollarortransmitterdesignisoptimalforallbatspecies,andthat speciessize/weight,speciesecologyandstudyobjectivesarekeydesignconsiderations.Ourstudyprovidesastrategyfor collarandplatformchoicethatwillbeapplicabletoalargernumberofbatspeciesastransmittersizeandweightcontinue todecreaseinthefutur