Sensitivity of PZT Impedance Sensors for Damage Detection of Concrete Structures 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2008, 8, 327-346 sensors ISSN 1424-8220 ? 2008 by MDPI /sensors Full Research Paper Sensitivity of PZT Impedance Sensors for Damage Detection of Concrete Structures Yaowen Yang 1,*, Yuhang Hu 1 and Yong Lu 2 1 School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798; E-mail: cywyang@.sg. E-mail: huyu0006@.sg 2 Institute for Infrastructure and Environment, School of Engineering and Electronics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, UK; E-mail: Yong.Lu@ed.ac.uk * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Received: 23 November 2007 / Accepted: 15 January 2008 / Published: 21 January 2008 Abstract: Piezoelectric ceramic Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) based electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) technique for structural health monitoring (SHM) has been successfully applied to various engineering systems. However, fundamental research work on the sensitivity of the PZT impedance sensors for damage detection is still in need. In the traditional EMI method, the PZT electro-mechanical (EM) admittance (inverse of the impedance) is used as damage indicator, which is difficult to specify the effect of damage on structural properties. This paper uses the structural mechanical impedance (SMI) extracted from the PZT EM admittance signature as the damage indicator. A comparison study on the sensitivity of the EM admittance and the structural mechanical impedance to the damages in a concrete structure is conducted. Results show that the SMI is more sensitive to the damage than the EM admittance thus a better indicator for damage detection. Furthermore, this paper proposes a dynamic system consisting of a number of single-degree-of-freedom elements with mass, spring and damper components to model the SMI. A genetic algorithm is employed to search for the optimal value of the unknown parameters in the dynamic system. An