Seymour Benzer 1921–2007 The Man Who Took Us from Genes to Behaviour 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Seymour Benzer 1921–2007 The Man Who Took Us from Genes to Behaviour 英文参考文献.doc

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Seymour Benzer 1921–2007 The Man Who Took Us from Genes to Behaviour 英文参考文献

Obituary Seymour Benzer 1921–2007 The Man Who Took Us from Genes to Behaviour William A. Harris S eymour Benzer was born in 1921 in the South Bronx, New York, the son of Polish Jewish immigrants. He was the only boy in a family that included his three sisters. His friend from later years, the phage biologist Jean Weigle, called Seymour the “egg with two yellows”, an old European expression for a rare event. He went to public schools in Brooklyn like any normal New York City kid, but everything changed when, at 13, a relative gave him a microscope for his Bar Mitzvah. “And that”, Seymour said, “opened up the whole world” [1]. He looked at everything he could ?nd under the microscope, including ?ies—never imagining the remarkable discoveries he would later make about the way their brains worked. With a Regents Scholarship to Brooklyn College in 1938, Seymour became the ?rst in his family to go to college, where he studied physics. At college, Seymour met Dorothy (Dotty) Vlosky, a nursing student, and married her in 1942. Their wedding immediately preceded the couple’s departure to Lafayette, Indiana, where Seymour was to continue his career as a graduate student in physics at Purdue. “We left the people dancing while we went to catch a train to Indiana”, Seymour said. “That was our honeymoon” [1]. At Purdue, Seymour joined the team of Karl Lark-Horovitz, which was then trying to ?nd ways to make germanium semiconductors more reliable for radar, an important project during the war. At Purdue, Seymour came of age as a most remarkable scientist. He found that germanium crystals with trace amounts of tin were excellent recti?ers: conducting currents freely in one direction but resisting reverse ?ow without burning out even when sustained back voltages of more than 100 volts were applied [2]. Several industrial laboratories went into doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060041.g001 Seymour Benzer in his of?ce at Caltech in 1974 with a big model ofDrosophila. He had a great deal of