siRNA–Mediated Methylation of Arabidopsis Telomeres 英文参考文献.docVIP

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siRNA–Mediated Methylation of Arabidopsis Telomeres 英文参考文献.doc

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siRNA–Mediated Methylation of Arabidopsis Telomeres 英文参考文献

siRNA–MediatedMethylationofArabidopsisTelomeres JanVrbsky1,2.¤a,SvetlanaAkimcheva1.,J.MatthewWatson1.,ThomasL.Turner3,LuciaDaxinger1¤b, BorisVyskot2,WernerAufsatz1,KarelRiha1* 1GregorMendelInstituteofMolecularPlantBiology,AustrianAcademyofSciences,Vienna,Austria,2InstituteofBiophysics,CzechAcademyofSciences,Brno,Czech Republic,3Ecology,Evolution,andMarineBiologyDepartment,UniversityofCaliforniaSantaBarbara,SantaBarbara,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Chromosome terminiformaspecialized typeofheterochromatin thatis importantfor chromosomestability. Therecent discoveryoftelomericRNAtranscriptsinyeastandvertebratesraisedthequestionofwhetherRNA–basedmechanismsare involvedintheformationoftelomericheterochromatin.Inthisstudy,weperformeddetailedanalysisofchromatinstructure and RNA transcription at chromosome termini in Arabidopsis. Arabidopsis telomeres display features of intermediate heterochromatinthatdoesnotextensivelyspreadtosubtelomericregionswhichencodetranscriptionallyactivegenes.We also found telomeric repeat–containing transcripts arising from telomeres and centromeric loci, a portion of which are processed into small interfering RNAs. These telomeric siRNAs contribute to the maintenance of telomeric chromatin through promoting methylation of asymmetric cytosines in telomeric (CCCTAAA)n repeats. The formation of telomeric siRNAsandmethylationoftelomeresreliesontheRNA–dependentDNAmethylationpathway.ThelossoftelomericDNA methylation in rdr2 mutants is accompanied by only a modest effect on histone heterochromatic marks, indicating that maintenanceoftelomericheterochromatininArabidopsisisreinforcedbyseveralindependentmechanisms.Inconclusion, thisstudyprovidesevidenceforansiRNA–directedmechanismofchromatinmaintenanceattelomeresinArabidopsis. Citation: Vrbsky J, Akimcheva S, Watson JM, Turner TL, Daxinger L, et al. (2010) siRNA–Mediated Methylation of Arabidopsis Telomeres. PLoS Genet 6(6): e1000986.doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000986 Editor:TetsujiKakutani,