Thoracic trident pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster Differentiation of geographical populations 英文参考文献.docVIP

Thoracic trident pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster : Differentiation of geographical populations v‘ C.N.R.S., Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique évolutive F 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette !Department of Genetics, Agricultural College Athens, Greece A phenotypic classification of trident pigmentation allowed the characterization ol any natural population by a pigmentation score, ranging from 0 to 3. After some independent observers could produce very similar score values. Growth temperature influences pigmentation intensity and the response curves exhibit a U-shape, with a minimum at about 25 C. For the description of natural populations, 2 different growth temperatures, 17 °C and 25 °C were chosen. Crosses between a dark French strain and a strain produced intermediate offspring, but a clear maternal effect differentiated the reciprocal Fl’s. Numerous populations from various part of the world were inves- tigated and results arranged according to the latitude. For temperate populations collected between 34 and 48° of a more darker in high latitude) suggesting an adaptive environmental factors which may explain this cline being temperature, insolation and desiccation. In tropical populations on the other hand a large variability was observed but without any relation to latitude. Key words : Drosophila melanogaster, pigmentation, teuzperature response, maternal effect, latitudinal cline. La pigmentation thoracique en forme de trident chez Drosophila melanogaster : différenciation de populations de diverses origines géographiques Une classification phénotypique de la pigmentation du trident thoracique a permis de caractériser une population naturelle par un score de pigmentation, variant entre 0 et 3. Après un certain entra?nement, des observateurs indépendants ont pu obtenir des scores très voisins. La température de développement modifie l’intensité de la pigmentation et les courbes de réponses