2014届高考英语一轮单元精品复习选修六人教版新课标unit5thepowerofnaturelearningaboutlanguage.pptVIP

1. 分词 (短语) 作状语时, 其逻辑主语 必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致, 必须用独立主格结构来表示, 也就是在 分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。 三、使用- ing形式需注意的几个问题 Comparing all the great people with each other, you’ll find that they have much in common. 　　 Finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help. The train having gone, we had to wait another day. 分析:前两例中, -ing形式的逻辑主语均为 主句的主语。最后一例中having gone的 逻辑主语是 the train。 My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining why she didn’t want the children to play together. 我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间, 解释她 为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。 分析: 现在分词explaining是句子主语 my wife做的动作，它们之间是主动关系， 即explaining的逻辑主语，就是句子的 主语my wife。 一般来说, -ing形式表示主动、进行; 过去分词表 示被动、完成。试比较: The?enemy?fled?in?a?panic,?leaving?behind?a?lot?of? dead?bodies?and?weapons. Defeated?and?frightened,?the?enemy?fled? in?a?panic. 2. 与过去分词作状语的区别? 分析: 前一例中的-ing形式短语在句子中作伴随状语, 它与其逻辑主语the?enemy之间为主动关系; 后一句 中的过去分词defeated和frightened表原因, 它与其 逻辑主语the?enemy之间为被动关系。 3. 分词短语做状语时, 前面可以加上连词 或介词, 但是分词短语和句子之间不能用 并列连词(如but, and), 因为并列连词接的 是两个并列成分, 而分词短语只是全句 的一个状语部分, 分词和主句之间可用 逗号。 When seeing from the top of the hill, you can enjoy the whole beauty of this city. 误: Having been told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.正: He was told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it. 或 Having been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it. 4. -ing的一般式和完成式现在分词都 可以表示先后接连发生的动作。 在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式 现在分词表示先发生的动作。如: Having brushed his teeth, Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast. 布朗先生刷过牙, 就下楼来吃早饭。(此句如写成: Brushing his teeth, Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast. 可能指 “边刷牙, 边下楼) Coming into the room, he put down his bag. (=He came into the room and put down his bag.) 他走进房间, 放下提包。 Opening the drawer, he took out his wallet. (=He opened the drawer and took out his wallet.) 他打开抽屉, 拿出钱包。 Not fearing the fire, the child touched and got a finger burnt. 小孩儿不知道 怕火, 用手去摸, 把手指烫了。Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help. 我不知怎样找到地铁, 就去找警察帮忙。 5. 分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面 加上 not, never等否定词构成。如: 高考链接 1. (2004广东