托福写作----连贯性.pdf

智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料 托福写作连贯性 在托福独立写作的评分标准中，第三点明确出托福作文应该注重整 体性、渐进性以及连贯性。 Score: 5 An essay at this level largely accomplishes all the following: 1） Effectively addresses the topic and task 2） Is well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and /or details 3） Displays unity, progression, and coherence 4）Displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety, appropriate word choice, and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors. 那么什么是连贯性？如何提高文章的连贯性呢？ 一、意思上的连贯 在段落写作的时候，段落要有一致的写作对象，全段围绕一个点展 开，且叙述有一定的顺序，这样读者才能很好地跟随作者思路。例如： Humans need to use all of the land they can gain access to. As the planets population continues to grow, people need to move onto land that was previously occupied only by animals. In many countries, there are large numbers of cities with over a million people. In fact, some cities, like Tokyo, Seoul, and New York, have populations of over ten million. These cities are overcrowded, so many people need to move out of them and onto new lands. While they may be moving to lands that are inhabited by endangered animals, the welfare of humans Is much more important than that of a few endangered animals. People have to take care of Earths expanding population, and the best way to enable people to live more comfortably is to move onto lands inhabited animals. 在这个段落中，作者围绕着一个主题在展开——人类需要去利用那 些他们能够使用的土地。为什么呢？后面就开始解释了：因为地球人口 变多，人们需要更多土地，例如东京、纽约等地。最后总结，随着人类 的扩张，需要使用更多的土地。作文行文非常流畅 ，段落至始至终都在 描述同意写作对象，意思上很连贯。 二、逻辑关系的连贯。 在一个段落的描述中，作者的逻辑随时都在变化 ，读者作为被动的 群体，作者向东，读者也需要向东。如果作者的逻辑变地太快、太频繁 ，读者很容易就会跟丢。所以我们在写作的时候必须要加上逻辑词 ，以 此为路标，读者会更容易发现我们逻辑的转变。 例如： When marine organisms called phytoplankton photosynthesize, they absorb carbon dioxide dissolved in seawater, potentially causing a reduction in the concentration of